东南亚与美国和中国的非对称三角关系研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 13:48

本文选题：东南亚 + 中国　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文通过对综合、共同、合作安全战略的概念区分及三者相互关系的分析，对非对称性的三角关系进行了研究。在本论文中，综合安全是指各国在追求军事、政治、经济和其他种类安全时保持各国地位平衡的目的；共同安全意味着各国需要把其他国家的利益考虑在内，以帮助自己达成讨价还价的目的；合作安全是指各国相互合作，以促进他们追求地区的稳定。合作安全也包括对非传统安全威胁如恐怖主义、海上袭击活动的共同打击。本文将1997年东亚金融危机对地区的影响，以及2008年以来的全球金融危机对地区和全球的影响列入考察范围，据此将我的研究拟分为三章。第一章对非对称三角关系的定义第一章阐述了我对非对称三角关系的定义。有些对非对称关系应该完全保护一方利益的误解很明显。实际上，一国只参与到非对称关系中是不够的。国家依然需要对这种关系进行经营，但如果没有讨价还价的模式，我认为这种经营也不可能持续下去。建立在公认和服从基础上的非对称关系是支持地区稳定性的最好方式，但是必须对他们进行监督检查，因为三角关系中各方的新特点或者是力量增长和减少的不对等都需要新的机制去维持这一非对称关系。本章讲到了讨价还价模式的功能，这种模式可以使各国能够保护各自的利益而不被卷入到战争中去。这意味着即使矛盾激化或关系紧张程度增加，各国仍可以通过讨价还价模式来协商解决。这在非对称关系中是很有效率的，因为在此关系中，大国可以很简单地主导小国，而小国因为能力的差距却不能轻易地挑战大国。第二章自冷战结束至1997年东亚金融危机期间的非对称性的三角关系第二章阐述了自冷战结束至1997年东亚金融危机期间，东南亚国家和主要大国的非对称性的三角关系。本章重点探讨这一关系的新颖性和冷战结束后东南亚国家需要克服的困难。新关系的形成有两个阶段。第一阶段是指中美为对抗苏联恢复邦交时期。这是迪特梅尔的三角战略，形成了小型的非对称三角关系的预先模式。第二阶段从苏联解体、美国成为唯一的超级大国开始。冷战的结束使东南亚国家在三角关系中的地位比以往更加脆弱。冷战结束后美国成为唯一的超级大国，这降低了美国和东南亚共同安全战略的重要性。因此，东南亚国家所面对的是接受美国对他们的慷慨援助。这意味着一方面使得东南亚国家意识到他们很难独立于美国的市场和金融体系之外。另一方面，他们必须同新崛起的中国搞好关系。这种新关系决定了东南亚国家对美国和中国的外交政策。在这种情况下，对东南亚国家来说使用自我平衡战略是有益的。因为非对称性三角关系的存在，选择与其中任何一个国家合作或一致就意味着对另一个国家的对抗，而这将损坏东南亚国家的综合安全利益。事实上，东南亚国家有能力构建他们内部的非对称三角关系，但为了减少对大国的依赖，取得在与大国关系中更好的斡旋手段，他们不得不承担在非对称的三角关系即ABC关系中的C的那一角色。二十世纪九十年代，由这一新关系导致的地区一致性的弱化，限制了东南亚国家的这一行动。因为他们试图在东南亚国家内部建立自己的三角关系时不得不考虑在ABC关系中整体的C的角色。显而易见，共同安全给东南亚各国的综合安全带来了限制，但是在追求综合安全却不能没有共同安全的保障。值得东南亚国家高兴的是，他们日益增长的潜力和逐渐提升的地区一致性似乎在减轻这种限制。第三章自东亚金融危机以来的非对称三角关系第三章阐述了自东亚金融危机以来的非对称三角关系。这个时期，通过成功的自我平衡政策和日益增长的地区一致性，C整体的角色减轻了对东南亚各国的限制。随着地缘政治重要性的日渐提升，在三角关系中，东南亚能够挑起两大国的激烈竞争，并从中获利。最强的A的优势就在于它和其他角色的不对等性。这使它对任何一方影响力的扩大或不对等性的降低都很敏感。这意味着，当其中一方试图扩展或缩小已存在的不对等性时，A就会轻易地被卷入或倾向于进入与其中一方的竞争之中，而竞争能够出现是因为C可以邀请B承担更负责任的角色。为了加强A的存在和再融入关系之中，A肯定会做出回应，从而导致两方更为激烈地竞争，C则将从中获利。首先，一方会更加努力，给B提供比以前更具吸引力的合作计划而非竞争。第二，C就不会缺少选择或能力去讨价还价。第三，这是确保A在该地区的存在和监管B和C的好方法。除非各方建立起一种平衡，否则A对不对等性的关注使得它不可避免的参与到竞争之中。这看起来像是非对称性三角关系的循环。一方在与他方的关系中得到了能获利的不对等性，为了保持这个不对等性的存在，它必须与其他要求有选择权的参与方进行竞争。当这个循环比这种不对等性的竞争获得更高的地位时，除非平衡得以建立，否则这将是一个不断往复的循环。这说明东南亚国家可能并非对大国日渐增长的影响力感兴趣，相反，东南亚国家将以某种方式使两大国在此地区的参与得到平衡，以使他们的利益达到最大化。自2008年全球金融危机之后，最强大的A与其他参与方的不对等性的降低是十分明显，因此本章将总结全球金融危机对国际秩序和全球事务带来的深厚影响。首先，在这种非对称性的三角关系中，A有着世界霸主的地位。因此，我需要对全球金融危机对国际事务的影响结果进行阐述，并对A在世界事务中扮演的角色进行限定。其次，这一全球霸主为了能够影响其它地区的事务，它会在世界范围内扩张权力，并且为了能在世界事务的管理中成功地发挥作用，它必须制衡处于崛起中的大国。由于全球金融危机的变化对ABC的三角关系的影响，A开始注重与B分享更多重要的关系。在提供现有的国际秩序方面，，美国的单级世界战略似乎是不够的，这意味着在地区事务中，中国权力的扩展成为可能。目前美国在东南亚地区的竞争中，需要付出更多的努力。我将以这种逻辑试图阐释在全球金融、经济危机的影响下，美国倾向于加强与东南亚国家的经济和贸易关系。此外，我认为概括金融危机对全球事务的影响成果是不审慎的。虽然金融危机影响全球的状况并不相同，并缩小了美国与其他国家的差距，但由于资源的再分配和权力的扩展，美国在东南亚地区事务的参与将是深入和长远的。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the asymmetrical triangle relationship is studied by analyzing the concept of integration, cooperation, and the relationship between the three parties.
In this paper, comprehensive security refers to the purpose of maintaining a balance between countries in the pursuit of military, political, economic and other kinds of security. Common security means that countries need to take the interests of other countries into consideration and help themselves to reach bargaining purposes; cooperation security means that countries cooperate with each other in order to promote their pursuit. Seeking regional stability. Cooperative security also includes joint attacks on non-traditional security threats such as terrorism and maritime attacks.
In this paper, the impact of the East Asian financial crisis on the region in 1997 and the impact of the global financial crisis on the region and the world since 2008 are included in this study, and my study is divided into three chapters.
The first chapter of the definition of asymmetric trigonometric relations
The first chapter describes my definition of asymmetric trigonometric relations. Some misunderstandings of asymmetric relations should be fully protected by one party's interests. In fact, a country is not enough only in asymmetric relations. The state still needs to operate the relationship, but if there is no bargaining model, I don't think it is. It may continue. The asymmetric relationship based on recognized kimono is the best way to support the stability of the region, but they must be supervised, because the new characteristics of the parties in the triangle, or the growth of strength and the misalignment of the reduction, require a new mechanism to maintain this asymmetric relationship. This chapter talks about this chapter. The function of the bargaining model can enable countries to protect their interests without being involved in the war. This means that even if the contradictions are intensified or the relationship tension increases, countries can still negotiate through bargaining models. This is very efficient in asymmetric relations, because in this relationship, a big country. It can simply lead small countries, but small countries can not easily challenge big countries because of their ability gap.
The second chapter is the asymmetrical triangle relationship between the end of the cold war and the East Asian financial crisis in 1997.
The second chapter expounds the asymmetric triangle relationship between Southeast Asian countries and major powers from the end of the cold war to the 1997 East Asian financial crisis. This chapter focuses on the novelty of this relationship and the difficulties that Southeast Asian countries need to overcome after the end of the cold war. The formation of the new relationship has two stages. The first stage is the confrontation with the Soviet Union against the Soviet Union. Back to the period of diplomatic relations. This is Dieter Mel's triangle strategy, forming a small, asymmetric triangular relationship in advance. The second stage was disintegrated from the Soviet Union and the United States became the only superpower. The end of the cold war made the Southeast Asian countries more vulnerable in the triangle relationship than before. After the end of the cold war, the United States became the only superpower. This has reduced the importance of the common security strategy of the United States and Southeast Asia. Therefore, South East Asian countries are faced with the acceptance of the United States' generous assistance to them. This means that it makes Southeast Asian countries realize that they are difficult to be independent of the American market and financial system. On the other hand, they must be in the same new rise. This new relationship determines the foreign policy of the South East Asian countries to the United States and China. In this case, it is useful for the Southeast Asian countries to use the strategy of self balance, because the existence of an asymmetric triangular relationship, the choice of a cooperation or agreement with any one of them, means a confrontation to another country. This will damage the comprehensive security interests of the Southeast Asian countries. In fact, Southeast Asian countries have the ability to build their internal asymmetric trigonometry, but in order to reduce their dependence on the big powers and achieve better mediators in the relationship with the big powers, they have to bear the role of C in the asymmetrical triangular relationship, the ABC relationship. Two In 990s, the weakening of regional consistency caused by this new relationship restricts the action of Southeast Asian countries, because they have to consider the role of the overall C in the ABC relationship when they are trying to build their own triangle relations within Southeast Asian countries. There is a limit, but the pursuit of comprehensive security is not without common security. It is good for Southeast Asian nations to be happy that their growing potential and increasing regional consistency seem to be reducing this limit.
The third chapter is the asymmetric triangular relationship since the financial crisis in East Asia.
The third chapter describes the asymmetric triangle relationship since the East Asian financial crisis. This period, through a successful self balancing policy and growing regional consistency, the role of the C as a whole alleviated the restrictions on the countries of Southeast Asia. With the increasing geopolitical importance, in the triangular relationship, Southeast Asia could pick up two big countries. Fierce competition and profit from it. The advantage of the strongest A is that it and other characters are unequal. This makes it sensitive to the expansion of any side influence or the reduction of unequal nature. This means that when one of the parties tries to expand or narrow the existing misequivalence, the A will easily be involved or inclined to enter into it. In the competition of one side, competition can occur because C can invite B to assume more responsible roles. In order to strengthen the existence and reintegration of A, A will certainly respond, which will lead to more fierce competition between the two parties, and C will benefit from it. First, the party will make more efforts to provide B with a more attractive cooperation plan than before. Second, C does not lack choice or ability to bargain. Third, this is a good way to ensure the existence of A in the region and to regulate B and C. Unless the parties establish a balance, otherwise A's attention to unequal nature makes it unavoidable to participate in the competition. In order to maintain this unequal nature, a party has to compete with other participants who have the right to choose. When this cycle gets a higher position than this unfair competition, it will be a continuous reciprocation unless the balance is established. This suggests that South East Asian countries may not be interested in the growing influence of great powers. On the contrary, South East Asian countries will somehow balance the participation of the two countries in this region to maximize their interests.
Since the global financial crisis in 2008, the most powerful A and other participants' unfairness has been reduced, so this chapter will summarize the profound impact of the global financial crisis on the international order and global affairs. First, in this asymmetric triangle, A has the position of world hegemony. Therefore, I need to be global. The impact of the financial crisis on the impact of international affairs is elaborated and the role of A in world affairs is limited. Secondly, this global hegemon will expand its power in the world in order to affect the affairs of other regions, and in order to be able to play a successful role in the management of world affairs, it must be in the rise and balance. A great power.
As the changes in the global financial crisis affect the ABC triangle relationship, A began to focus on sharing more important relationships with B. In providing the existing international order, the US single world strategy seems not enough, which means that the expansion of China's power in regional affairs is possible. I will try to explain in this logic that the United States tends to strengthen economic and trade relations with Southeast Asian countries under the influence of global finance and economic crisis. In addition, I think it is not prudent to summarize the impact of the financial crisis on global affairs. Although the financial crisis affects the global situation, the situation is different, And it narrowed the gap between the United States and other countries, but because of the redistribution of resources and the expansion of power, the participation of the United States in Southeast Asia will be deep and long-term.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D833;D81

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