“亚太再平衡”战略下美国软实力外交探析——以非政府组织为视角

发布时间：2018-07-13 20:27

【摘要】：众所周知,美国的亚太"再平衡"战略涉及政治、经济、文化、军事等各个层面。除了加紧向亚太地区进行军事部署、力推跨太平洋伙伴关系协议(TPP)等军事、经济手段之外,通过软实力外交来影响和塑造亚太各国成为美国从"文化"层面"锁定亚太地区"的关键一环。其间,非政府组织凭借自身优势在美国的亚太软实力外交中扮演着重要角色。非政府组织在亚太地区开展软实力外交主要有三条路径:(1)通过"文教经援"输出美式文化;(2)通过"选举监督"扩展美式"民主";(3)通过"舆论引导"彰显美式"自由"理念。面对美国软实力外交的全面攻势,中国如何保障国家文化安全及文化发展的自主性,成为当前中国亟需认真对待并加以解决的问题。就提升中国非政府组织参与软实力外交事务的能力而言,一方面应加快消除中国非政府组织自身存在的诸多障碍,在此基础上,鼓励境内非政府组织积极成为在国际社会传播中国文化、价值理念的得力助手。另一方面,中国非政府组织有必要对国内研究力量加以整合,在"保持国际关系中的文化自主性"、"发展中国特色社会主义民主"等问题领域形成研究网络,进而在国际社会发出自己的声音,也更易于为国外受众所接受。
[Abstract]:As we all know, America's Asia-Pacific rebalancing strategy involves political, economic, cultural, military and other aspects. In addition to stepping up military deployment to the Asia-Pacific region and pushing for military and economic means such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), Influencing and shaping the Asia-Pacific countries through soft power diplomacy has become a key link for the United States to "lock in the Asia-Pacific region" from the "cultural" level. Meanwhile, NGOs play an important role in American soft power diplomacy by virtue of their own advantages. There are three ways for NGOs to carry out soft power diplomacy in the Asia-Pacific region: (1) to export American culture through "cultural and educational aid"; (2) to expand American "democracy" through "election supervision"; (3) to highlight American "freedom" concept through "public opinion guidance". Facing the all-out offensive of American soft power diplomacy, how to guarantee the national cultural security and the autonomy of cultural development in China has become a problem that needs to be taken seriously and solved by China. In terms of enhancing the ability of Chinese non-governmental organizations to participate in foreign affairs of soft power, on the one hand, we should speed up the removal of the many obstacles that exist in China's non-governmental organizations themselves, and on this basis, To encourage local NGOs to actively become the international community in the dissemination of Chinese culture, value concept of the right assistant. On the other hand, it is necessary for Chinese non-governmental organizations to integrate domestic research forces and form research networks in the areas of "maintaining cultural autonomy in international relations" and "developing socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics". In turn, in the international community to voice their own voice, but also more easily accepted by foreign audiences.
【作者单位】：北京语言大学国际关系学院;
【基金】：北京语言大学校级项目“国际关系中的文化自主性研究”(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助,项目编号:13YBG38)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D871.2

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