冷战初期美国对新中国政策中的“威慑战略”
发布时间：2018-08-03 10:05
【摘要】：新中国建国以后，中美关系的发展一直是国际社会关注的焦点。受冷战、意识形态等因素的影响，杜鲁门政府对新中国实施“威慑”战略政策，目的是通过政治孤立、经济封锁、军事包围等手段，威胁新中国政权，，遏制新中国发展。杜鲁门政府这一做法不仅使中美关系走向了对抗，而且影响了之后美国历届政府的对华政策。因此，研究这一时期美国对华政策，对于理解之后中美关系的发展意义将是不言而喻的，而本文研究的目的也在于此。 本文共分为四个章节。第一章主要是介绍威慑战略的感念及其构成要素。其次，重点介绍了威慑战略思想在美国决策层的初步形成。第二章介绍战后美国在东亚政策的调整及其对华政策的演变。最终美国出于利益的考虑，对新中国实施威慑战略，遏制新中国的发展。主要论述美国对新中国实施威慑战略的原因，说明中美关系之所以紧张、敌对，美国是要负主要责任的。第三章论述美国对新中国实施威慑战略所造成的影响。战后亚太地区的动荡、新中国对外政策的制定与国内发展，甚至之后美国历届政府的对外政策都无不受此影响，可谓是影响深远。最后在本文结论部分，阐述个人的一些认识与观点，总结了中美关系发展的经验教训，希望对未来中美关系的发展起到良好的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the development of Sino-US relations has been the focus of international attention. Under the influence of cold war, ideology and other factors, Truman government carried out the strategic policy of "deterrence" against the new China, with the aim of threatening the new Chinese regime and containing the development of the new China by means of political isolation, economic blockade and military encirclement. Truman's approach not only led to confrontation between China and the United States, but also affected the policy toward China of successive American administrations. Therefore, it is self-evident to study the American policy toward China in this period, and the purpose of this study is to understand the significance of the development of Sino-US relations. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the feeling of deterrence strategy and its constituent elements. Secondly, it mainly introduces the initial formation of deterrence strategy in the decision-making level of the United States. The second chapter introduces the adjustment of American policy in East Asia and the evolution of its China policy after the war. Finally, for the benefit of the United States, the United States to implement the new China deterrence strategy to curb the development of new China. This paper mainly discusses the reasons why the United States implements the deterrent strategy against the new China, and explains that the United States should bear the primary responsibility for the tension and hostility between China and the United States. The third chapter discusses the impact of the United States on the implementation of the new China deterrence strategy. The turbulence in the Asia-Pacific region after the war, the formulation of the new China's foreign policy and its domestic development, and even the foreign policy of the successive American governments have all been affected by this, which can be said to be far-reaching. Finally, in the conclusion of this paper, the author expounds some personal cognition and views, summarizes the experience and lessons of the development of Sino-US relations, and hopes to play a good reference role in the future development of Sino-US relations.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the development of Sino-US relations has been the focus of international attention. Under the influence of cold war, ideology and other factors, Truman government carried out the strategic policy of "deterrence" against the new China, with the aim of threatening the new Chinese regime and containing the development of the new China by means of political isolation, economic blockade and military encirclement. Truman's approach not only led to confrontation between China and the United States, but also affected the policy toward China of successive American administrations. Therefore, it is self-evident to study the American policy toward China in this period, and the purpose of this study is to understand the significance of the development of Sino-US relations. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the feeling of deterrence strategy and its constituent elements. Secondly, it mainly introduces the initial formation of deterrence strategy in the decision-making level of the United States. The second chapter introduces the adjustment of American policy in East Asia and the evolution of its China policy after the war. Finally, for the benefit of the United States, the United States to implement the new China deterrence strategy to curb the development of new China. This paper mainly discusses the reasons why the United States implements the deterrent strategy against the new China, and explains that the United States should bear the primary responsibility for the tension and hostility between China and the United States. The third chapter discusses the impact of the United States on the implementation of the new China deterrence strategy. The turbulence in the Asia-Pacific region after the war, the formulation of the new China's foreign policy and its domestic development, and even the foreign policy of the successive American governments have all been affected by this, which can be said to be far-reaching. Finally, in the conclusion of this paper, the author expounds some personal cognition and views, summarizes the experience and lessons of the development of Sino-US relations, and hopes to play a good reference role in the future development of Sino-US relations.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2
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