南非气候外交研究
发布时间：2018-08-19 16:49
【摘要】：进入21世纪,全球气候变暖已是有目共睹的事实。气候变化所导致的气温升高、海平面上升、极端天气等气候问题,对自然生态系统和人类的生存环境都产生了严重影响。气候变化问题不仅对个人生活会造成危害,而且一个国家的生存和发展也会产生重大的威胁。如今,气候问题已经深刻影响到国际社会的方方面面,并且有重塑国际政治格局的大势所趋。因此,气候变化所引发的种种问题已成为当今国际社会亟待解决的重大问题。 气候问题在经济全球化的推动之下,业已超出了自然科学领域,成为具有高度政治性的国际关系议题。气候外交作为一种崭新的外交形势,随着全球气候危机加剧而得到兴起和发展,国际社会以及各个国家为了应对气候变化,减缓气候危机加剧而进行了多种外交活动。 南非在当今国际社会上,是一个具有代表性的国家,其在国际社会中的地位和影响力日益提高,在非洲大陆各国中更是拥有举足轻重的国际地位。气候变化在非洲的影响是最大的,非洲国家对这个问题需要争取更多的权益和保障。作为非洲最具影响力的国家之一,南非积极应对气候变化,积极开展气候合作,南非的气候外交行为为推动全球气候外交发挥着重要作用。但是南非在经济发展和气候保护方面处于两难的困境,因此面临着来自国际、国内社会巨大的舆论压力。气候变化对南非国家安全的影响方面包括：水资源匮乏带来的粮食安全和健康问题增加社会的脆弱性、保护环境节能减排与发展经济之间的矛盾等。另外,南非气候外交面临的挑战方面,又有复杂的社会结构、能源结构、市民社会、体制环境制约等国内压力,以及同“基础四国”伙伴之间的分歧、与发达国家的压力的外部影响因素等等。除了遇到的问题和挑战,南非在气候外交的历程中也收获了不少经验和成就,尤其是2011年德班气候大会的成功召开,显示着南非在气候外交所做的努力和贡献,并且在这一领域逐渐走向成熟。南非的经验教训和成就对其他国家尤其是中国有着深刻的启示作用,在借鉴与学习方面都值得深思和研究。 本篇论文一共分为五部分。第一部分是导论。第二部分用定性分析和历史研究的方法,对气候外交的概念、特点、动因等基本概况一一阐明,并详尽解释了气候变化问题转向气候外交的进程,分析全球气候外交兴起的动因,以及当前全球范围内各个国家的气候外交概况。 第三部分用历史研究方法阐述了南非气候外交兴起的原因,以及南非在应对气候变化的行动进程中所面对的难题,探讨在应对全球气候问题的国际合作中,以南非参与全球气候外交的历程和成就为主要研究内容。由于气候危机加剧,南非面临淡水资源供应紧张、人畜健康受到威胁、生物多样性遭受威胁等危机,南非政府在国内外采取了一系列措施来应对挑战,在国内颁布相关的环境保护法规；在国际上积极参与世界气候大会,加强与他国的合作。 第四部分分析了南非气候外交面临的挑战。气候变化对南非的国家安全造成的影响,如水资源匮乏导致的粮食安全以及节能减排与发展经济之间的矛盾,以及开展气候外交所遭遇的国内外的压力。 第五部分就南非气候外交的问题做出了分析和展望。要应对气候外交中的种种问题和挑战,南非需要以非洲为发展的立足点,在加强南南合作的同时也要强化欧美发达国家的关系,更重要的是,要带领非洲国家和联合其他广大发展中国家一起,在全球气候谈判的舞台上争取气候话语权,树立国家形象,增强国际地位。最后,通过分析南非在气候外交上所取得的成就,对比分析南非与中国的共同点,就南非和中国之间在进行气候外交展开合理性展望。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, global warming has become an obvious fact. Climate change caused by temperature rise, sea level rise, extreme weather and other climatic problems, have a serious impact on the natural ecosystem and human living environment. Climate change not only endangers the lives of individuals, but also the survival of a country and the environment. Development also poses a major threat. Today, climate issues have a profound impact on all aspects of the international community, and there is a trend to reshape the international political landscape. Therefore, the problems caused by climate change have become an urgent issue for the international community to solve.
Under the impetus of economic globalization, climate issues have gone beyond the natural sciences and become a highly political issue in international relations. As a new diplomatic situation, climate diplomacy has risen and developed with the intensification of the global climate crisis. In order to cope with climate change and mitigate climate change, the international community and all countries have to deal with it. The crisis intensified and a variety of diplomatic activities took place.
South Africa is a representative country in today's international community, and its status and influence in the international community is increasing. It is also a pivotal international position in the countries of the African continent. One of the most influential countries in Africa, South Africa actively responds to climate change and cooperates in climate change. South Africa's climate diplomacy plays an important role in promoting global climate diplomacy. The impacts of climate change on South Africa's national security include: food security and health problems caused by water scarcity increase social vulnerability, the contradiction between environmental protection, energy conservation, emission reduction and economic development, etc. In addition to the problems and challenges encountered, South Africa has also gained a lot of experience and achievements in the process of climate diplomacy, especially the successful convening of the Durban Climate Conference in 2011, which shows that South Africa is in the process of climate diplomacy. The efforts and contributions of climate diplomacy have gradually matured in this field. The lessons and achievements of South Africa have a profound enlightenment to other countries, especially China, and are worth pondering and studying.
This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction. The second part expounds the basic concepts, characteristics and motivations of climate diplomacy by means of qualitative analysis and historical research, and explains in detail the process of climate change turning to climate diplomacy, analyzes the reasons for the rise of global climate diplomacy and the current global norms. Overview of climate diplomacy in various countries.
The third part expounds the reasons for the rise of South Africa's climate diplomacy and the difficulties faced by South Africa in the process of action to tackle climate change with the method of historical research. The South African government has taken a series of measures at home and abroad to meet the challenges, promulgated relevant environmental protection laws and regulations at home, and actively participated in the World Climate Conference and strengthened cooperation with other countries.
The fourth part analyzes the challenges facing South Africa's climate diplomacy.
The fifth part makes an analysis and outlook on South Africa's climate diplomacy. To cope with the various problems and challenges in climate diplomacy, South Africa needs to take Africa as a foothold for development, strengthen the relations between the developed countries in Europe and America while strengthening South-South cooperation, and, more importantly, lead African countries and unite with other developing countries. Finally, through the analysis of South Africa's achievements in climate diplomacy, the common ground between South Africa and China is compared and analyzed, and the rationality of climate diplomacy between South Africa and China is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D847.8;X2
本文编号：2192245
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, global warming has become an obvious fact. Climate change caused by temperature rise, sea level rise, extreme weather and other climatic problems, have a serious impact on the natural ecosystem and human living environment. Climate change not only endangers the lives of individuals, but also the survival of a country and the environment. Development also poses a major threat. Today, climate issues have a profound impact on all aspects of the international community, and there is a trend to reshape the international political landscape. Therefore, the problems caused by climate change have become an urgent issue for the international community to solve.
Under the impetus of economic globalization, climate issues have gone beyond the natural sciences and become a highly political issue in international relations. As a new diplomatic situation, climate diplomacy has risen and developed with the intensification of the global climate crisis. In order to cope with climate change and mitigate climate change, the international community and all countries have to deal with it. The crisis intensified and a variety of diplomatic activities took place.
South Africa is a representative country in today's international community, and its status and influence in the international community is increasing. It is also a pivotal international position in the countries of the African continent. One of the most influential countries in Africa, South Africa actively responds to climate change and cooperates in climate change. South Africa's climate diplomacy plays an important role in promoting global climate diplomacy. The impacts of climate change on South Africa's national security include: food security and health problems caused by water scarcity increase social vulnerability, the contradiction between environmental protection, energy conservation, emission reduction and economic development, etc. In addition to the problems and challenges encountered, South Africa has also gained a lot of experience and achievements in the process of climate diplomacy, especially the successful convening of the Durban Climate Conference in 2011, which shows that South Africa is in the process of climate diplomacy. The efforts and contributions of climate diplomacy have gradually matured in this field. The lessons and achievements of South Africa have a profound enlightenment to other countries, especially China, and are worth pondering and studying.
This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction. The second part expounds the basic concepts, characteristics and motivations of climate diplomacy by means of qualitative analysis and historical research, and explains in detail the process of climate change turning to climate diplomacy, analyzes the reasons for the rise of global climate diplomacy and the current global norms. Overview of climate diplomacy in various countries.
The third part expounds the reasons for the rise of South Africa's climate diplomacy and the difficulties faced by South Africa in the process of action to tackle climate change with the method of historical research. The South African government has taken a series of measures at home and abroad to meet the challenges, promulgated relevant environmental protection laws and regulations at home, and actively participated in the World Climate Conference and strengthened cooperation with other countries.
The fourth part analyzes the challenges facing South Africa's climate diplomacy.
The fifth part makes an analysis and outlook on South Africa's climate diplomacy. To cope with the various problems and challenges in climate diplomacy, South Africa needs to take Africa as a foothold for development, strengthen the relations between the developed countries in Europe and America while strengthening South-South cooperation, and, more importantly, lead African countries and unite with other developing countries. Finally, through the analysis of South Africa's achievements in climate diplomacy, the common ground between South Africa and China is compared and analyzed, and the rationality of climate diplomacy between South Africa and China is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D847.8;X2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 张琳;南非应对气候变化问题的政策研究[D];华中师范大学;2013年
，本文编号：2192245
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/waijiao/2192245.html
