阿富汗毒品问题的历史考察

发布时间：2018-08-25 08:32

【摘要】： 罂粟种植与人类文明相伴而生。随着世界地区交往的不断扩大以及地区性交往向全球性交往的转变,罂粟种植与鸦片的使用开始在全球范围内传播,并且形成了三次大的浪潮。阿富汗出现鸦片最早可以追溯到公元前1世纪,20世纪70年代末至90年代初,阿富汗毒品问题产生并形成,在此后20余年的内战中毒品问题进一步发展。毒品问题对阿富汗的政治、经济和社会诸层面产生了深刻的影响,以至于社会生活的各个方面已经逐渐地“毒品化”,并且对国际社会形成了巨大的压力和挑战。阿富汗毒品问题的形成有着深刻复杂的历史原因,阿富汗现代化改革的失误是毒品问题形成的根本原因,阿富汗独立不结盟地位的丧失以及苏联的入侵是毒品问题形成的直接原因,阿富汗特殊的自然环境和气候条件则是毒品问题形成的重要条件。毒品问题对阿富汗的重建产生了重要影响,它限制了阿富汗政府对地方控制力的发挥以及民族关系的和解,阻碍了阿富汗经济的健康发展,制约了民族精神的整合与提升,“丑化”了阿富汗的国际形象。从历史发展的视角来考察,阿富汗毒品问题有其缘起和繁盛期,当然也会有其衰落和消亡期,它的解决将是一个长期的过程,并且只有在国际社会通力合作的情况下才有可能实现。
[Abstract]:Poppy cultivation goes hand in hand with human civilization. With the continuous expansion of regional and regional exchanges to global exchanges, opium poppy cultivation and opium use began to spread around the world, and formed three waves. The emergence of opium in Afghanistan can be traced back to the end of 1970s to the early 1990s in the first century B.C., the emergence and formation of the drug problem in Afghanistan, and the further development of the drug problem in the civil war of more than 20 years thereafter. The drug problem has had a profound impact on the political, economic and social dimensions of Afghanistan, so that all aspects of social life have been gradually "narcotized" and have created enormous pressures and challenges for the international community. The formation of the drug problem in Afghanistan has profound and complex historical reasons, and the failure of Afghanistan's modernization reform is the fundamental reason for the formation of the drug problem. The loss of independent non-aligned status of Afghanistan and the invasion of the Soviet Union are the direct causes of the formation of the drug problem, and the special natural and climatic conditions of Afghanistan are the important conditions for the formation of the drug problem. The drug problem has had an important impact on the reconstruction of Afghanistan. It has restricted the Afghan government's exertion of local control and reconciliation of national relations, hindered the healthy development of the Afghan economy, and restricted the integration and promotion of the national spirit. The international image of Afghanistan has been tarnished. From the perspective of historical development, the drug problem in Afghanistan has its origin and prosperity, as well as its decline and extinction. Its solution will be a long-term process. And it is only possible if the international community works together.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D815

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