21世纪初中印能源合作的路径研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 18:21

【摘要】： 能源是关乎人类经济发展和社会进步的必需品。特别是石油天然气等能源,既是人类目前所用的主要能源,又是越用越少的非可再生能源。本文主要分析中印在石油天然气等能源方面的合作现状及合作路径。现在能源问题越来越成为全世界关注的非传统安全领域的重要问题,中印两国对此的关注度有过之而无不及。这主要是因为中国和印度是世界上最大的发展中国家,经济正处于快速发展时期,由此导致能源需求不断增加。国内能源供需矛盾使得两国急于寻求国外能源,两国的情况相似性导致在国外常常发生能源竞争。中印逐渐认识到竞争导致国家利益受损,开始尝试合作。虽然中印合作已经有了成功的案例,但仍处于浅层次合作状态。如何挖掘中印能源合作的潜力,选择符合两国利益的合作路径来提高合作的成熟度,从而保持中印这种合作的态势,促使合作持续性发展?本文要解决的问题就是(1)中印能源合作已经发展到什么程度?(2)中印应该选择什么样的合作路径来深入发展能源合作?(3)选择此路径的原因是什么? 本文从中印能源合作的现状分析出发,透过合作的事实挖掘出双方合作存在的潜力以及存在的条件,另外再结合对合作中存在的障碍和困难,试图寻找中印两国在能源领域合作的路径选择。本文首先梳理了中印在能源领域合作的现状。中印不仅在企业层面开始了合作的历程,政府高层也开始为两国能源合作创造条件,提供基础。文章从这两个方面来归纳,客观展现中印能源合作的发展程度。在此基础上,本文分析了合作路径的存在条件、障碍与困难有哪些。首先,文章分析了几点合作存在的条件。中印已有了合作的事实,合作的条件也越来越成熟,这为中印能源合作继续维持提供了现实性。接下来文章分析了中印能源合作领域存在的困难和障碍。本文认为合作虽然是已经存在的现实,也有合作的条件。但合作并不是“理所当然”的事情,其中仍存在着巨大的困难与障碍。不仅中印两国之间存在着合作障碍,外部因素也是影响中印合作的一个重要原因。中印之间还有历史遗留问题,政治上还未达到完全信任的阶段,合作处于起步阶段还缺少合作机制；外部因素也不容忽视,中印所处的能源背景地区——南亚局势不稳定,另外也不能小觑中印合作中的美国因素。基于以上三部分的分析,充分考虑中印能源合作的现实情况,包括合作的发展状态、已有条件、合作的具体困难,本文试图寻找符合中印现实情况的能源合作路径,使得中印能源合作能够持续发展,从而降低竞争带来的损失。文章提出的合作路径包括三个层面：合作观念的树立(树立能源利益共同体观念)+合作机制的建立(中印双边合作机制、亚洲多边能源合作机制)+合作方式的探寻(推动能源运输安全合作、加大对第三国能源勘探和开发的合作力度、共同消除“亚洲溢价”等)。
[Abstract]:Energy is essential to human economic development and social progress. Especially oil and natural gas, which are the main energy used by human beings at present, are also the less and less non-renewable energy. China and India have paid more attention to the important issues in the field of non-traditional security than the rest of the world. This is mainly because China and India are the largest developing countries in the world and their economies are in a period of rapid development, resulting in increasing energy demand. Sino-Indian cooperation has been successful, but it is still in a shallow state of cooperation. How to tap the potential of Sino-Indian energy cooperation and choose a cooperation path in line with the interests of the two countries? In order to improve the maturity of cooperation, maintain the situation of cooperation between China and India, and promote the sustained development of cooperation, this paper aims to solve the following problems: (1) How far has Sino-Indian energy cooperation developed? (2) What kind of cooperation path should China and India choose to further develop energy cooperation? (3) What is the reason for choosing this path?
Starting from the analysis of the current situation of Sino-Indian energy cooperation, this paper tries to find out the potential and conditions of the cooperation through the facts of cooperation, and then tries to find out the path choice of Sino-Indian cooperation in the field of energy.
This paper first reviews the status quo of Sino-Indian cooperation in the field of energy. China and India have begun to cooperate not only at the enterprise level, but also at the top of the government to create conditions and provide a basis for energy cooperation between the two countries.
On this basis, this paper analyzes the existing conditions of the path of cooperation, obstacles and difficulties. First of all, the article analyzes several conditions for cooperation. China and India have already cooperated, and the conditions for cooperation are becoming more and more mature, which provides the reality for the continued maintenance of Sino-Indian energy cooperation.
Next, the paper analyzes the difficulties and obstacles in the field of Sino-Indian energy cooperation. This paper argues that although cooperation is already a reality, there are also conditions for cooperation. One of the important reasons for Sino-Indian cooperation is that there are still some historical problems between China and India, which have not yet reached the stage of full political trust, and cooperation is still in its infancy without cooperative mechanism. External factors should not be overlooked. The situation in South Asia, a region with an energy background, is unstable, and the United States in Sino-Indian cooperation should not be underestimated. National factors.
Based on the analysis of the above three parts, taking full account of the actual situation of Sino-Indian energy cooperation, including the development status of cooperation, the existing conditions, the specific difficulties of cooperation, this paper attempts to find a path of energy cooperation in line with the reality of China and India, so that Sino-Indian energy cooperation can be sustainable development, thereby reducing the loss of competition. The path includes three aspects: the establishment of the concept of cooperation (establishing the concept of energy interests community) + the establishment of cooperation mechanism (Sino-Indian bilateral cooperation mechanism, Asian multilateral energy cooperation mechanism) + the exploration of cooperation mode (promoting energy transport security cooperation, increasing cooperation on energy exploration and development in third countries, and jointly eliminating the "Asian spillover" Price, etc.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D822.335.1;F416.2

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