从历史角度看土耳其的多边主义战略
发布时间：2018-09-08 15:29
【摘要】：土耳其是一个中等规模的地区性大国,具备较强的军事和经济实力。从历史上看,土耳其的对外战略定位有两条主线:一是向西方靠拢,与西方结盟;二是回归东方,重视区域利益。从1923年建国开始,作为国家统治精英的凯末尔党人就设定了土耳其的"西化"定位,即向欧洲学习,全面地拥抱欧洲文明,但整体上看建国后的二十年间,土耳其对外持守的是一种孤立主义的政策;二战后土耳其实行"一边倒",投入西方阵营。自1980年代厄扎尔执政以来,土耳其开始调整其对外战略定位,日益强调在地区事务中发挥更为重要的、积极的作用,土耳其在对外战略上日益向多元化与多维度的格局过渡。21世纪初,在正义与发展党执政时期,土耳其走向多边主义、更加强调全方位平衡的对外战略已基本定型。
[Abstract]:Turkey is a medium-sized regional power with strong military and economic strength. Historically, Turkey's foreign strategic orientation has two main lines: one is to move closer to the West, and the other is to return to the East and attach importance to regional interests. Since the founding of the country in 1923, the Kemal Party, as the ruling elite of the country, has established Turkey's "westernization" position, that is, to learn from Europe and embrace European civilization in an all-round way, but in the 20 years since the founding of the country in general, Turkey's foreign policy was isolationist, and after World War II Turkey adopted a one-sided approach to the West. Since Ozal came to power in the 1980s, Turkey has begun to adjust its external strategic orientation, with increasing emphasis on playing a more important and active role in regional affairs. The transition of Turkey's foreign strategy to a pluralistic and multidimensional pattern in the beginning of the 21st century, during the ruling period of the Justice and Development Party, Turkey moved towards multilateralism and emphasized the overall balance of the foreign strategy basically.
【作者单位】： 北京大学历史学系;
【基金】：北京市社科联青年社科人才资助项目“土耳其与中亚突厥语国家关系研究:历史与现状”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D837.4
[Abstract]:Turkey is a medium-sized regional power with strong military and economic strength. Historically, Turkey's foreign strategic orientation has two main lines: one is to move closer to the West, and the other is to return to the East and attach importance to regional interests. Since the founding of the country in 1923, the Kemal Party, as the ruling elite of the country, has established Turkey's "westernization" position, that is, to learn from Europe and embrace European civilization in an all-round way, but in the 20 years since the founding of the country in general, Turkey's foreign policy was isolationist, and after World War II Turkey adopted a one-sided approach to the West. Since Ozal came to power in the 1980s, Turkey has begun to adjust its external strategic orientation, with increasing emphasis on playing a more important and active role in regional affairs. The transition of Turkey's foreign strategy to a pluralistic and multidimensional pattern in the beginning of the 21st century, during the ruling period of the Justice and Development Party, Turkey moved towards multilateralism and emphasized the overall balance of the foreign strategy basically.
【作者单位】： 北京大学历史学系;
【基金】：北京市社科联青年社科人才资助项目“土耳其与中亚突厥语国家关系研究:历史与现状”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D837.4
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