日本对非洲官方发展援助研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 07:34

【摘要】：日本自20世纪50年代末开始对非洲提供官方发展援助，经过近60年的发展，其对非洲官方发展援助的数量逐年增加、范围不断扩大，非洲地区已经发展为日本对外援助的主要区域之一。通过对非洲官方发展援助，日本旨在扩大其在非洲的商品与资源市场，争取非洲国家的外交支持以实现日本的政治大国地位，同时改善与提升日本的国际形象。因此，对非洲的官方发展援助是日本发展与非洲国家关系，拓展其在非洲乃至世界影响力的重要手段与途径。本论文首先梳理了日本对非洲官方发展援助的历史演进与发展现状，在此基础上，着重阐述了日本对非洲官方发展援助的理念与战略目标，系统总结了日本对非洲官方发展援助的机制与方式，最后对以东京非洲发展国际会议（TICAD）为代表的日本援非机制进行了案例分析。文章主要分为四个部分：第一部分旨在梳理日本对非洲官方发展援助的历史演进与现状，把握其在不同时期的发展特点。这一部分把日本对非官方发展援助发展历程分为初创时期（1957—1973年）、调整时期（1973—1990年）、新发展时期（1991年至今）三个阶段，同时该部分也对日本对非洲官方发展援助现状、规模与重点课题进行较为详细的描述。第二部剖析了日本对非洲官方发展援助的理念与战略目标。该部分首先总结了日本的援非理念，认为日本援非理念主要包括人道主义、尊重受援国的自主努力、分享日本发展经验等理念，，这些代表性理念是国际援助惯例与日本特色的国际援助理念相结合的产物。日本对非洲官方发展援助的战略目标，除了拓展商品与资源市场、提升国家形象之外，还服务于其崛起为政治大国的目标。第三部分系统总结了日本对非洲官方发展援助的机制与方式。日本对非援助机制主要包括双边援助机制与多边援助机制，主要手段包括包括无偿资金与技术援助、紧急人道主义援助与日元贷款。第四部分对以东京非洲发展国际会议为代表的日本对非援助机制进行了案例分析。自1993年——2013年，东京非洲发展会议已成功召开五届，经过二十年的发展，该会议从初期松散的论坛形式发展为由日本主导的国际性可持续多边对话机制，会议规模不断扩大，参加主体日益多元化，会议议程设置愈加广泛。会议产生了广泛的国际影响并给日本带来了相应的经济与政治回报。
[Abstract]:Japan began to provide official development assistance to Africa in the late 1950s. After nearly 60 years of development, the amount and scope of its official development assistance to Africa has been increasing year by year. The African region has developed into one of Japan's major foreign aid regions. Through its ODA to Africa, Japan aims to expand its commodity and resource markets in Africa, win diplomatic support from African countries in order to realize Japan's status as a political power, and at the same time improve and enhance Japan's international image. Therefore, official development assistance (ODA) to Africa is an important means and way for Japan to develop its relations with African countries and to expand its influence in Africa and the world. This paper first reviews the historical evolution and development status of Japan's ODA to Africa, and on this basis, focuses on the concept and strategic objectives of Japan's ODA to Africa. This paper systematically summarizes the mechanism and methods of Japan's ODA to Africa, and finally makes a case study of Japan's mechanism of aid to Africa, which is represented by the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD). This paper is divided into four parts: the first part aims at sorting out the historical evolution and present situation of Japan's ODA to Africa and grasping its development characteristics in different periods. This part divides the development process of Japan's non-official development assistance into three stages: the initial period (1957-1973), the adjustment period (1973-1990) and the new development period (1991-present). The scale and key topics are described in detail. The second part analyzes the concept and strategic goal of Japan's ODA to Africa. This part first summarizes Japan's concept of aid to Africa, and holds that the concept of Japanese aid to Africa mainly includes humanitarian, respecting the independent efforts of recipient countries, sharing Japan's development experience, and so on. These representative ideas are the result of the combination of international aid practice and Japanese characteristic international aid concept. In addition to expanding commodity and resource markets and raising the country's image, Japan's strategic goal of ODA to Africa also serves its goal of becoming a political power. The third part systematically summarizes the mechanism and method of Japan's ODA to Africa. Japan's aid mechanism to Africa mainly includes bilateral aid mechanism and multilateral aid mechanism, including free funds and technical assistance, emergency humanitarian aid and yen loan. The fourth part is a case study of Japan's aid mechanism to Africa, represented by the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD). Since 1993-2013, the Tokyo African Development Conference (TICAD) has been successfully convened for five sessions. After 20 years of development, the Conference has evolved from an initial loose forum into a Japanese-led international sustainable multilateral dialogue mechanism, which has been expanding in scale, The participants are becoming more and more diverse, and the agenda of the meeting is more and more widely set. The conference produced extensive international influence and brought about corresponding economic and political returns to Japan.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D831.3

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