中国东北亚区域视域下的长吉图开发开放先导区战略

发布时间：2019-04-29 08:36

【摘要】：长吉图地处东北亚区域地理几何中心和新欧亚大陆桥中心,其中图们江下游地区地处东北亚的中央部位,其也成为我国内陆进入日本海最近的水上通道,珲春市更是处于环日本海东北亚经济圈的核心区位,最近处距日本海仅15公里,周边分布俄、朝的自由贸易区和自由经济区以及俄、朝两国的10个港口,长春、吉林两个特大城市地处环日本海东北亚经济圈中心位置,也是未来新亚欧大陆桥的中心点,与俄、朝的港口群与蒙古东部、俄罗期西伯利亚远东的腹地紧密相连,因此是东北亚地区自然资源、劳动力、技术等生产要素实行科学配置的最佳区域。2009年8月,国务院正式批复《中国图们江区域合作开发规划纲要——以长吉图为开发开放先导区》,长吉图开发开放先导区引起了各界广泛关注。作为一项国家战略,长吉图开发开放先导区的一个重要战略定位是东北区域发展的“棋局”,即以对俄罗斯、朝鲜开放的边境口岸珲春市为窗口,以长春、吉林两大人口超百万的大城市为腹地经济、文化等影响辐射东北及东北亚区域。一直以来,由于中、俄、朝、韩、日等国不同的政治格局及不均等的经济格局使得东北亚地区逐渐成为了各大国利益的集合点,同时也被公认是世界最具增长潜力的经济区域之一。长吉图开发开放先导区是我国政府迄今为止批准的唯一一个沿边开发开放区域规划,它标志着长吉图开发开放已经上升至国家战略,这是进一步推动长吉图先导区实现跨越式发展的难得历史机遇,更是提升我国沿边开放水平的重要战略部署和加快融入东北亚的良好开端,由于先导区的建设与周边国际环境是相互影响、相互促进的关系,因此东北亚地区经济环境和国际政治环境的稳定也成为了实现长吉图开发开放先导区建设目标的有力保障。本文从中国东北亚战略的产生与发展出发,在对长吉图开发开放先导区战略进行分析的基础上,提出了长吉图开发开放先导区战略是中国东北亚区域战略的重要组成部分,同时也是国际战略中不可缺少的一部分这一观点。通过对长吉图开发开放先导区的战略定位、影响因素的研究,并结合我国的具体实际,提出长吉图开发开放先导区战略与中国东北亚战略合作的发展建议,即营造有利于长吉图开发开放先导区的政治环境、建立分阶段推进的区域性经济合作体、建立安全合作机制等,这对促进我国东北亚区域发展有一定作用。
[Abstract]:Changjitu is located in the regional geographic and geometric center of Northeast Asia and the center of the New Eurasian Continental Bridge, in which the lower reaches of the Tumen River is located in the central part of Northeast Asia, and it has also become the nearest waterway for China's inland entry into the Sea of Japan. Hunchun City is even more at the core of the Northeast Asian Economic Circle around the Sea of Japan. The nearest location is only 15 kilometers from the Sea of Japan, with the surrounding distribution of Russia, the DPRK's free trade area and free economic zone, and the 10 ports of Russia and North Korea, Changchun. The two megacities in Jilin are located in the center of the northeast Asian economic circle around the Japanese Sea, and are also the center of the new Eurasian Continental Bridge in the future. They are closely connected with the port groups of Russia, Korea and the eastern Mongolia, and the hinterland of the Russian Siberian far East. Therefore, it is the best area for scientific allocation of natural resources, labor force, technology and other factors of production in Northeast Asia. August 2009, The State Council has formally approved the outline of China's Tumen River Regional Cooperative Development Plan-taking Changji Map as the pilot area for development and opening up. Changji Map has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. As a national strategy, an important strategic position of Changjitu's development and opening-up pilot area is the "chess board" for the development of the northeast region, that is, taking Hunchun City, an open border port for Russia and North Korea, as a window, and Changchun as a window. Two large cities with more than one million people in Jilin are hinterland economy, culture and so on, which radiate northeast and northeast Asia. All along, because of the different political patterns and unequal economic patterns of China, Russia, the DPRK, the Republic of Korea, Japan and other countries, Northeast Asia has gradually become the gathering point of the interests of the major powers. It is also recognized as one of the world's most growth potential economic regions. The development and opening-up area of Changjitu is the only frontier development and opening-up area plan approved by the Chinese government so far, which indicates that the development and opening-up of Changjitu has risen to the national strategy. This is a rare historical opportunity to further promote the leap-forward development of the Changjitu pilot area, and even more an important strategic deployment to enhance the level of opening-up along the border of China and a good beginning for speeding up integration into Northeast Asia. The stability of the economic environment and international political environment in Northeast Asia has become a powerful guarantee to realize the goal of developing and opening the pilot area in Changjitu because of the mutual influence and mutual promotion between the construction of the pilot region and the international environment of the development and opening-up of Changjitu. Starting from the emergence and development of China's Northeast Asian strategy, this paper analyzes the strategy of opening and developing the pilot region of Changji Tu, and puts forward that the strategy of developing and opening the pilot region of Changji Tu is an important part of the regional strategy of Northeast Asia of China. It is also an indispensable part of international strategy. By studying the strategic orientation and influencing factors of the development and opening-up of Changjitu, and combining with the concrete reality of our country, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the development of the strategy of Changjitu's development and opening-up pilot area and the strategic cooperation of China's Northeast Asia. That is to say, to create a political environment conducive to the development and opening-up of Changjitu, to establish a phased regional economic cooperation, and to establish a mechanism of security cooperation, which has a certain effect on promoting the regional development of Northeast Asia in China.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127;D822

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