美国网络外交战略研究

发布时间：2019-06-10 12:35

【摘要】：网络外交是带有政府目的的国际行为体为实现本国利益，依靠网络技术通过信息传输而对外国民众开展的交流活动。它起源于公共外交，是公共外交与信息技术相结合的产物，代表着未来公共外交的发展方向。战争的软化、技术的信息化、社会的虚拟化、信息的权力化是网络外交发展的历史动因。由于网络外交也是一种是国家带有目的性的宣传活动，因而就不可避免带有心理战和信息战的色彩，奥巴马政府更是将网络外交作为一种实现其国家利益的的战略工具。网络外交战略是一国运用网络外交来实现其目标、意图的筹划和运用，，是建立在孙子的心理战思想、约瑟夫·奈的软权力理论、国际传播理论和公民社会理论基础之上的，其运作机理是网络传播—认知操控—网络动员—网络颠覆。美国的网络外交经历了技术利用、应急利用、战略利用三个阶段，奥巴马极力推行网络外交政策是源于其个人偏好、政治回报和振兴经济的考虑，它以网络自由为宣传口号、社交媒体为主要工具，修复美国形象是其直接目标，民主输出是其思想动力，最终为美国的全球霸权服务。美国的网络外交战略面临着无限目标与有限手段的矛盾、二元思维与复杂现实的矛盾、网络自由与网络管制的矛盾，而且美国的选举政治也会影响今后网络外交的实施，但总体上看美国推行网络外交战略将是长期的，也是隐蔽的。
[Abstract]:Network diplomacy is an exchange activity between international actors with government purpose and foreign people in order to realize their own interests and rely on network technology to transmit information. It originates from public diplomacy, is the product of the combination of public diplomacy and information technology, and represents the development direction of public diplomacy in the future. The soften of war, the informationization of technology, the virtualization of society and the power of information are the historical reasons for the development of network diplomacy. Because network diplomacy is also a kind of propaganda activity with national purpose, it inevitably has the color of psychological war and information war, and the Obama administration regards network diplomacy as a strategic tool to realize its national interests. The strategy of network diplomacy is the planning and application of a country's intention to achieve its goals by using network diplomacy, which is based on Sun Tzu's thought of psychological warfare, Joseph Nye's theory of soft power, the theory of international communication and the theory of civil society. Its operation mechanism is network communication, cognitive manipulation, network mobilization and network subversion. The network diplomacy of the United States has gone through three stages: technology utilization, emergency utilization and strategic utilization. Obama vigorously promotes the network foreign policy because of his personal preferences, political returns and economic revitalization considerations, which uses network freedom as the propaganda slogan. Social media is the main tool, repairing the image of the United States is its direct goal, democratic output is its ideological driving force, and ultimately serve the global hegemony of the United States. The network diplomacy strategy of the United States is faced with the contradiction of infinite goal and limited means, the contradiction between dual thinking and complex reality, the contradiction between network freedom and network regulation, and the election politics of the United States will also affect the implementation of network diplomacy in the future. But on the whole, it will be long-term and covert for the United States to pursue the strategy of cyber diplomacy.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

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