文化惠民工程的项目制运作逻辑研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 06:43

本文选题：文化惠民工程 + 公共文化　；参考：《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：公民的文化权利是公民的基本人权之一。随着我国经济社会的快速发展,政府对公民文化权利也越来越重视。公共文化服务是公共服务的重要内容,关系到公民公共文化需求的满足。在建设文化强国战略的背景下,我国政府投入了巨大资源,构建庞大的公共文化服务体系,以切实履行公共文化服务职能。文化惠民工程由此应运而生,这种项目制的公共文化服务建设体现了国家主导文化建设的发展逻辑,满足民众基本文化服务需求、维护公民文化权利成为其重要目标。文化惠民工程的项目制运作是一种政府主导的公共文化服务供给模式。中央政府以“项目”为载体实现对地方的专项转移支付,从而实现了公共文化服务建设自上而下的推进,并将国家的意志灌输到地方和基层,实现了对国家公共文化服务建设的统筹。文化惠民工程之所以选择项目制运作有以下几个原因：首先,以文化需求为导向的政府公共文化服务职能的重塑；其次,分税制下政府转移支付的文化权利保障项目化。我国财税体制的改革特别是分税制的推出,使得中央和地方的财政关系出现了新的变化,中央通过专项转移支付使文化惠民工程得以通过项目制在地方和基层得到广泛推广；第三,公共文化建设中项目制动员功能的强化。对地方政府来说,文化建设是一种边缘化的工作任务,因而其建设动力不足,项目制运作改变了地方政府的消极态度；第四,公共文化服务项目制的供给功能集中化。文化惠民工程的项目制有利于弥补公共文化供给不足、区域发展不平衡等现实难题。论文通过对文化惠民工程的重点项目——乡镇综合文化站的运转过程的实证研究发现,文化惠民工程的项目制特点符合项目制运作的发展规律,从项目启动到项目组织、再到项目执行,最后到项目评估阶段,体现了其独特的运作逻辑——贯彻国家意志、确保政府主导、强化官僚管控、彰显官员政绩。这一逻辑也体现了文化惠民工程项目制运作的逻辑冲突：国家主导逻辑与公民自主逻辑的冲突；统一化管理逻辑与多中心治理逻辑的冲突；官僚化逻辑与公共价值逻辑的冲突。这些冲突会深刻影响到文化惠民工程项目的原初目标。换言之,作为项目制的文化惠民工程背离了公共文化服务的服务精神与民本理念。为了让文化惠民工程发挥其应有的作用,未来需做出以下变革：构建从政府主导到公民需求导向的公共文化服务供给体系；健全公共文化服务项目制的多元决策参与机制；创新和借鉴现代项目管理机制和方法,以提高项目运作绩效。
[Abstract]:The cultural rights of citizens are one of the basic human rights of citizens. With the rapid development of our country's economy and society, the government pays more and more attention to the citizen's cultural rights. Public cultural service is an important content of public service, which is related to the satisfaction of citizens' public cultural needs. In the context of the strategy of building a strong cultural power, our government has invested huge resources and constructed a huge public cultural service system in order to effectively perform the function of public cultural service. The construction of public cultural services under the system of this project embodies the development logic of the state-led cultural construction, satisfies the basic cultural service needs of the public and maintains the cultural rights of citizens. The project system operation of cultural benefit project is a government-led public cultural service supply mode. The central government used "projects" as the carrier to realize the special transfer payment to the local areas, thus realizing the top-down promotion of the construction of public cultural services, and instilling the will of the state into the local and grass-roots level. Realized to the national public cultural service construction as a whole. The reasons for the selection of the project system are as follows: firstly, remolding the government's public cultural service function guided by cultural needs; secondly, the cultural rights protection project of the government transfer payment under the tax system. The reform of the fiscal and taxation system, especially the introduction of the tax distribution system, has brought about a new change in the financial relationship between the central government and the local government. Third, strengthen the function of project system mobilization in the construction of public culture. To the local government, the cultural construction is a kind of marginal work task, therefore its construction motive force is insufficient, the project system operation has changed the local government's negative attitude; fourth, the public cultural service project system supply function centralization. The project system of cultural benefit project is helpful to make up for the shortage of public culture supply and the imbalance of regional development. Through the empirical study on the operation process of the key project of the cultural benefit project, the township comprehensive cultural station, it is found that the characteristics of the project system of the cultural benefit project accord with the development law of the project system operation, from the start of the project to the project organization. Then to the project implementation, finally to the project appraisal stage, has manifested its unique operation logic-carries out the national will, ensures the government to lead, strengthens the bureaucratic control, highlights the official achievement. This logic also reflects the logical conflict between the state-led logic and the citizen autonomy logic, the conflict between the unified management logic and the multi-center governance logic, and the conflict between the bureaucratic logic and the public value logic. These conflicts will have a profound impact on the original goal of the project. In other words, as a project system, the project of cultural benefit project deviates from the service spirit of public cultural service and the concept of people-oriented. In order to make the cultural benefit project play its due role, the following changes should be made in the future: constructing the public cultural service supply system from the government leading to the citizen's demand-oriented, perfecting the pluralistic decision-making participation mechanism of the public cultural service project system; To innovate and learn from the modern project management mechanism and methods in order to improve project performance.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G249.2

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