马克思恩格斯文化民生思想及其在中国的发展

发布时间：2018-04-29 11:12

本文选题：马克思 + 恩格斯　；参考：《安徽大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今时代,随着生产力的巨大发展,物质财富的日益丰裕,闲暇时间的增多,人们对精神文化生活的需求愈益旺盛。文化民生渐入人们的视野,成为众人关注和谈论的焦点。丰富人民群众的精神文化生活,提供更好更多的文化产品和文化服务惠及广大人民,成为党和国家推进文化建设和实施文化惠民工程的重要着力点。为此,研究和探讨文化民生问题既是时代的要求,也是现实的需要,因而具有深远的理论意义和实践价值。本文以马克思主义文本为依据,发掘马克思主义创始人关于文化民生思想的资源,分析其内在意蕴及其在中国的继承和发展。按照这一思路,论文主要从以下三个部分展开论述：第一部分梳理了马克思恩格斯文化民生思想的主要内容。首先,满足“现实的人”的文化民生需要是马克思恩格斯的文化民生思想的逻辑起点。“现实的人”是文化民生存在和发展的根据,没有“现实的人”这一唯物史观的出发点,马克思和恩格斯就无法创立其文化民生思想。现实的人有两种基本需要,其中物质民生需要的满足是文化民生需要的首要前提,而致力于文化民生需要的满足则是马克思恩格斯文化民生思想的致思起点。其次,人的自由全面发展是马克思恩格斯文化民生思想的根本价值目标。马克思和恩格斯指出,与资本主义异化的和片面的文化民生不同,共产主义社会的文化民生才是真正满足人的精神文化需要的文化民生,它的最终价值指向是人的自由全面发展。最后,保障人民的文化权利是马克思恩格斯文化民生思想的重要组成部分。马克思和恩格斯认为,要通过自由报刊保障人民的文化权利,因为自由由报刊既是人民文化权利的表达工具,又是文化民生实现的物质力量。而要保障人民的文化权利,则由于其是精神文化的创造者和文化权利的享有者。第二部分主要阐明马克思恩格斯的文化民生思想在中国的发展。第一,毛泽东对马克思恩格斯文化民生思想的继承和发展。毛泽东确立了以人民为本位的文化民生价值取向,即文化民生的出发点和落脚点以及实现的主体力量都是人民大众。同时,毛泽东提出了实现文化民生的具体途径。第二,马克思恩格斯的文化民生思想在当代中国的发展。邓小平立足于社会主义精神文明建设,确立文化民生的发展方向是文化为人民服务、为社会主义服务。江泽民继续发挥了社会主义精神文明的内涵,丰富了马克思主义经典作家,尤其是邓小平的文化民生理论,他强调,代表最广大人民的根本利益是文化民生的核心所在,满足人民的精神文化需求是文化民生建设的根本任务。胡锦涛根据时代的新变化、新发展,提出了以人为本的文化民生建设方向以及系统而深刻的文化建设方针、政策,以促进文化的大繁荣、大发展,从而满足人民群众的精神文化需要,实现人的全面发展。第三部分阐述了马克思主义文化民生思想与当代中国文化民生建设。在马克思恩格斯以及中共领导人的文化民生思想指导下,当代中国的文化民生构建应着重从以下几方面着手：一是,文化建设要着眼于人民群众的精神文化需求；二是,构建良性的文化生态；三是大力发展文化生产力；四是保障和实现人民群众的文化权利。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the great development of the productive forces, the increasing abundance of material wealth and the increase of leisure time, the demand for spiritual and cultural life is becoming more and more exuberant. The people's livelihood has gradually become the focus of people's attention and discussion. It is an important point for the party and the state to promote the construction of culture and the implementation of the cultural Huimin project by the party and the state. Therefore, it is not only the requirement of the times but also the need of the reality to study and discuss the problems of the people's livelihood. Therefore, this article is based on the Marx doctrine and excavated the Marx doctrine on the basis of the text of the culture. The founder of the culture and people's livelihood resources, analysis of its intrinsic meaning and its inheritance and development in China, according to this idea, the thesis is mainly discussed from the following three parts:
The first part has combed the main content of Marx and Engels's Thought on culture and people's livelihood. First, to meet the cultural and people's livelihood needs of "real people" is the logical starting point of Marx and Engels's thought of culture and people's livelihood. "Real people" is the basis of the existence and development of the people's livelihood and the starting point of the materialist view of the "real man". Kyth and Engels can not create their cultural and people's livelihood ideas. The real people have two basic needs, among which the needs of material and people's livelihood are the primary prerequisite for the needs of the people's livelihood. While the satisfaction of the needs of the people's livelihood is the starting point for the thought of Marx and Engels's culture and the people's livelihood. Secondly, the all-round development of human freedom is Marx. The fundamental value goal of Engels's Thought on culture and people's livelihood. Marx and Engels pointed out that, unlike the dissimilation of capitalism and the one-sided cultural people's livelihood, the cultural livelihood of the Communist society is the cultural livelihood that truly meets the needs of the human spirit and culture. Its ultimate value points to the free and comprehensive development of human beings. Finally, the people are guaranteed. Cultural rights are an important part of the thought of Marx and Engels's culture and people's livelihood. Marx and Engels believe that the cultural rights of the people should be guaranteed by the free press, because the freedom of the press is both the expression tool of the people's cultural rights and the material amount of the people's livelihood. It is the creator of spiritual culture and the enjoyment of cultural rights.
The second part mainly clarifies the development of Marx and Engels's thought of culture and people's livelihood in China. First, Mao Zedong's inheritance and development of Marx Engels's culture and people's livelihood. Mao Zedong has established the value orientation of people based culture and people's livelihood, that is, the starting point and the foothold of the people's livelihood and the main strength of the people are all the people. At the same time, Mao Zedong put forward specific ways to realize the people's livelihood. Second, the development of Marx Engels's cultural and people's livelihood in contemporary China. Deng Xiaoping is based on the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, and the development direction of the people's livelihood is that culture serves the people and serves socialism. Jiang Zemin continues to play the social owner. The connotation of spiritual civilization enriches the classic Marx writers, especially Deng Xiaoping's theory of culture and people's livelihood. He emphasizes that the fundamental interests of the people are the core of the people's livelihood. It is the fundamental duty of the people's spiritual and cultural needs to meet the people's spiritual and cultural needs. Hu Jintao, according to the new changes and development of the times, puts forward the new development. The orientation of people based culture and people's livelihood as well as the systematic and profound cultural construction policy and policy are to promote the great prosperity and development of the culture, so as to meet the spiritual and cultural needs of the people and realize the all-round development of the people.
The third part expounds the ideology of Marx's culture and people's livelihood and the construction of contemporary Chinese culture and people's livelihood. Under the guidance of Marx Engels and the thought of the people's livelihood of the Communist Party of China, the construction of contemporary Chinese culture and people's livelihood should focus on the following aspects: first, cultural construction should focus on the spiritual and cultural needs of the people; The two is to build a healthy cultural ecology; the three is to develop cultural productive forces; four, to protect and realize the cultural rights of the masses.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G0

【参考文献】