世界遗产威胁因素分析

发布时间：2018-06-24 11:37

  本文选题：威胁 + 世界遗产　； 参考：《干旱区地理》2016年01期

【摘要】：世界遗产监测是遗产保护的重要手段,世界遗产中心发布的遗产监测报告总结并评估遗产保护状况,分析各遗产地面临的主要威胁。基于遗产监测报告,在统计分析的基础上,提出威胁强度指数IOT,分析不同地区、类型遗产的威胁因素变化,发现:(1)管理和制度因素是各类和各地区遗产最主要的威胁。(2)由人类活动造成的威胁远大于自然灾害对各类型和各地区遗产的破坏。(3)不同类型遗产威胁强度最大的因素不同,自然遗产的受威胁强度最大。(4)各地区中,其他人类因素、自然资源开发、生物资源利用/改变是威胁强度最高的3种因素,非洲地区受威胁强度最高。(5)威胁最大的因素中,其他人类因素主要是非法活动,管理和制度因素则是缺乏完善合理的管理体系和保护管理规划。为更好应对世界遗产面临的各种威胁,应制定更为完善合理的遗产保护管理体系和标准,同时加强国际间技术、资金等的合作,广泛开展遗产教育,推动社区参与。
[Abstract]:World heritage monitoring is an important means of heritage protection. The world heritage monitoring report issued by the World Heritage Center summarizes and evaluates the status of heritage protection and analyzes the main threats faced by various heritage sites. Based on the legacy monitoring report, based on the statistical analysis, the threat intensity index IOT is proposed to analyze the changes of threat factors in different regions and types of heritage. It is found that: (1) Management and institutional factors are the most important threats to the heritage of various types and regions. (2) the threat caused by human activities is much greater than the damage caused by natural disasters to the heritage of various types and regions. (3) the greatest threat intensity of different types of heritage is different. The natural heritage is the most threatened. (4) other human factors, natural resource exploitation, utilization / change of biological resources are the three most threatened factors in each region, and the threat intensity is highest in Africa. (5) among the most threatened factors, Other human factors are mainly illegal activities, while the management and system factors are lack of perfect and reasonable management system and protection management plan. In order to better deal with all kinds of threats to the world heritage, we should establish more perfect and reasonable management system and standards of heritage protection, strengthen international cooperation of technology and funds, carry out heritage education extensively and promote community participation.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所;中国科学院大学;新疆财经大学旅游学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41301204) 中国科学院西部博士资助项目(XBBS201210)
【分类号】：G112
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本文编号：2061389