中美商务交往中的非言语交际对比研究
发布时间：2018-07-24 17:16
【摘要】：改革开放以来,随着中国经济的快速发展和世贸组织的加入,中国己成为世界经济体的中流砥柱,各国之间的贸易变得频繁。因为中美经贸合作现已成为推动全球一体化进程的主要力量,因此中美之间的商务交往更应该引起足够的重视。中国是世界上最大的发展中国家,美国是世界上最发达的国家,两国的商务贸易在过去几十年中飞速发展。中国领导人也迫切地想要把商务活动拓展到海外市场,并采取了一系列的措施来表明中国的立场,给国外投资商提供一个稳定的投资环境。这些举措同时也刺激了中国企业对美国的投资。我们有理由相信两国的商务交往会得到更多更好的发展。 国际商务交往是跨国界的活动,要取得贸易的成功,了解各国不同的文化,考虑文化差异是十分重要的。非言语交际作为跨文化交际的重要组成部分,正引起越来越多学者的关注。和言语交际一样,非语言交际是人类交往中的一个重要组成部分。它包括言语行为之外一切由人类和环境所产生的刺激,这些刺激对于信息发出者和接受者都具有潜在的信息价值和意义。本论文以跨文化交际理论为基础,从中美文化差异的角度出发,来研究中美商务交往中非言语交际的不同。文化一直都是影响商务交往的最重要因素之一。不同因素引起了文化差异。集体主义文化强调和谐,与集体、社会要相互联系,相互依赖,并力求做到身心与整个环境的适应。而个人主义文化强调自我和个人的成就,与集体、社会关系松散,相互依赖程度较弱。强语境文化中大部分信息存在于语境当中或内化在个人身上,这意味着在强语境文化中的人要对环境较为敏感。低语境文化则把大量信息置于清晰的编码中,因而人们习惯用语言本身的力量来进行交际。在不确定性规避程度较高的文化中,人们对不确定的、模糊的事情会感到是一种威胁,并试图加以制止。而在不确定性规避程度较低的社会中,人们普遍有安全感,倾向于放松的生活态度和鼓励冒险的倾向。同时在高权力距离文化中,人们从小被告知有些人生来高贵一些,因此他们有更多的权力,尊重权力比尊重平等更有意义。在低权力距离文化中,人们被教育人人生来平等,尽管有人出生带有优势,但他们并非比别人要优越。 在论文中作者对非语言交际进行了全面的分析,包括它的国内外研究动态、定义、特征、功能和分类。非言语交际具有通用性、情境性、常规性和模糊性等特点,在跨文化交际中起着很大的作用：包括重复、补充、调整,代替,反驳和加强。非言语交际大致分为四类：身势语、客体语、副语言和环境语。随着中美两国之间的联系日益频繁,我们很有必要研究和了解非语言是怎样影响到商务交往这一过程,以促进贸易向共赢的方向发展。最后通过具体分析商务交往中非言语行为的使用实例,作者提出几点建议以期能克服中美商务交往中的非言语交际障碍。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of China's economy and the accession of the WTO, China has become the mainstay of the world economy, and the trade between countries has become frequent. Because the Sino US economic and trade cooperation has now become the main force to promote the process of global integration, the business exchanges between China and the United States should pay more attention to it. China is the largest developing country in the world and the United States is the most developed country in the world. The trade and trade of the two countries have developed rapidly over the past few decades. Chinese leaders are also eager to expand business activities to overseas markets and take a series of measures to show the position of China and provide a stability for foreign investors. The investment environment has also stimulated Chinese enterprises to invest in the US. We have reason to believe that the business contacts between the two countries will get better and better development.
International business communication is an activity across national boundaries. It is important to gain success in trade, understand different cultures and consider cultural differences. Nonverbal communication, as an important part of intercultural communication, is arousing more and more attention of scholars. Nonverbal communication, like verbal communication, is an important group in human communication. It includes all the stimuli produced by human and environment outside the speech act. These stimuli have potential information value and significance for both the information emanator and the recipient. This paper, based on the cross-cultural communication theory, studies the differences of non-verbal communication in Sino US business communication from the perspective of cultural differences between China and the United States. Culture has always been one of the most important factors that affect business contacts. Different factors cause cultural differences. Collectivism emphasizes harmony, collectivism, society, interdependence, and adaptation to the body and mind and the whole environment. The individualist culture emphasizes the achievements of self and individual, and the loose relations with the collective and the social relations. The degree of interdependence is weak. Most of the information in the strong context culture exists in or internalized in the individual, which means that the people in the strong context culture are more sensitive to the environment. The low context culture puts a lot of information in the clear coding, so people are used to communicate with the power of the language itself. In a highly circumvent culture, people feel a threat to uncertain and vague things and try to stop it. In a society with low uncertainty, people generally have a sense of security, a tendency to relax and the tendency to encourage adventure. At the same time, people are told from a high power distance culture. Some of them are noble, so they have more power, respect for power is more meaningful than respect for equality. In a culture of low power, people are taught to be born equal. Although some people are born with advantages, they are not better than others.
In this paper, the author makes a comprehensive analysis of non-verbal communication, including its domestic and foreign research trends, definitions, features, functions and classifications. Nonverbal communication has the characteristics of generality, situation, routability and fuzziness. It plays a great role in intercultural communication, including repetition, supplement, adjustment, substitution, refutation and reinforcement. Language communication is divided into four categories: body language, object language, paralanguage and environmental language. With the increasingly frequent connection between China and the United States, it is necessary to study and understand how non-language affects the process of business communication in order to promote the development of trade to a win-win situation. For example, the author puts forward several suggestions in order to overcome the obstacles of non-verbal communication in Sino US business contacts.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G05
本文编号：2142086
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of China's economy and the accession of the WTO, China has become the mainstay of the world economy, and the trade between countries has become frequent. Because the Sino US economic and trade cooperation has now become the main force to promote the process of global integration, the business exchanges between China and the United States should pay more attention to it. China is the largest developing country in the world and the United States is the most developed country in the world. The trade and trade of the two countries have developed rapidly over the past few decades. Chinese leaders are also eager to expand business activities to overseas markets and take a series of measures to show the position of China and provide a stability for foreign investors. The investment environment has also stimulated Chinese enterprises to invest in the US. We have reason to believe that the business contacts between the two countries will get better and better development.
International business communication is an activity across national boundaries. It is important to gain success in trade, understand different cultures and consider cultural differences. Nonverbal communication, as an important part of intercultural communication, is arousing more and more attention of scholars. Nonverbal communication, like verbal communication, is an important group in human communication. It includes all the stimuli produced by human and environment outside the speech act. These stimuli have potential information value and significance for both the information emanator and the recipient. This paper, based on the cross-cultural communication theory, studies the differences of non-verbal communication in Sino US business communication from the perspective of cultural differences between China and the United States. Culture has always been one of the most important factors that affect business contacts. Different factors cause cultural differences. Collectivism emphasizes harmony, collectivism, society, interdependence, and adaptation to the body and mind and the whole environment. The individualist culture emphasizes the achievements of self and individual, and the loose relations with the collective and the social relations. The degree of interdependence is weak. Most of the information in the strong context culture exists in or internalized in the individual, which means that the people in the strong context culture are more sensitive to the environment. The low context culture puts a lot of information in the clear coding, so people are used to communicate with the power of the language itself. In a highly circumvent culture, people feel a threat to uncertain and vague things and try to stop it. In a society with low uncertainty, people generally have a sense of security, a tendency to relax and the tendency to encourage adventure. At the same time, people are told from a high power distance culture. Some of them are noble, so they have more power, respect for power is more meaningful than respect for equality. In a culture of low power, people are taught to be born equal. Although some people are born with advantages, they are not better than others.
In this paper, the author makes a comprehensive analysis of non-verbal communication, including its domestic and foreign research trends, definitions, features, functions and classifications. Nonverbal communication has the characteristics of generality, situation, routability and fuzziness. It plays a great role in intercultural communication, including repetition, supplement, adjustment, substitution, refutation and reinforcement. Language communication is divided into four categories: body language, object language, paralanguage and environmental language. With the increasingly frequent connection between China and the United States, it is necessary to study and understand how non-language affects the process of business communication in order to promote the development of trade to a win-win situation. For example, the author puts forward several suggestions in order to overcome the obstacles of non-verbal communication in Sino US business contacts.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G05
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 王西巧;对体语学的探讨与外语教学[J];解放军外国语学院学报;2000年05期
2 万玉兰;;论商务交往中的非言语交际在语境中的核心地位[J];企业经济;2006年11期
3 刘白玉;;身势语与国际商务谈判关系研究[J];商场现代化;2006年01期
，本文编号：2142086
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