宋代中元节俗研究

发布时间：2018-10-22 07:03

【摘要】：中国传统节日作为华夏民族最宝贵的非物质文化遗产,是中华民族历史文化成就的重要标志。本文以宋代的中元节为研究对象,探索了宋时中元节的主要节俗、文化内涵及其所表现的时代特征。中元节发展至宋代,在继承儒、释、道三家理念的基础上,节日民俗文化内容更为丰富且趋于定式。当宋代“三教合一”的思想日趋演进,佛教、道教加快了各自的世俗化进程,中元节开始逐渐剥离宗教的外壳,演变为民间节日,体现出了商业化、民俗化和娱乐化的节日特征。本文第一部分介绍中元节的起源流变与宋代的时代背景。第二部分借助笔记、小说、方志等史料记载,疏理宋代主要中元节俗。第三部分通过对比《东京梦华录》所描述的东京节俗与《梦粱录》所记载的临安节俗,了解中元节俗在南北方的差异并分析其原因。第四部分以中元节为切点,放眼宋代的主流文化,即儒、释、道三家,探讨中元节俗蕴藏的文化内涵,岁时节日与宗教的关系,以及主流文化的时代特征。传统节日的背后往往延续了人类在其文化传承上的某种初衷,无论是精神,亦或是物质,皆与一个国家的凝聚力和认同感融为一体、密不可分。本文认为中元节建立在我国古老的岁时节令之上,后虽被更多地植入了宗教理念,但它最初侧重表现人们对家庭的珍视之意,对祖先的崇敬之心,是我国孝悌之道的践行。了解与中元节相关的民俗习惯,追溯过往,对我国传统节日的保护与传承具有重要意义。中元节作为一个文化内涵醇厚、节俗形式多样的传统节日,在现代化极速发展的今天响应着传承民族记忆的时代召唤。若能守住这古老的节日传统,并不断为其注入核心的时代元素,有利于提高传承意识与加深族群认同感。
[Abstract]:As the most precious intangible cultural heritage of the Chinese nation, the Chinese traditional festival is an important symbol of the historical and cultural achievements of the Chinese nation. Taking Ghost Festival of Song Dynasty as the object of study, this paper explores the major customs, cultural connotations and the characteristics of the times of Ghost Festival in Song Dynasty. Ghost Festival developed to the Song Dynasty. On the basis of inheriting the three ideas of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, the contents of festival folk culture were richer and more fixed. When the thought of "integration of the three religions" in the Song Dynasty evolved day by day, Buddhism and Taoism accelerated their respective secularization process, Ghost Festival began to gradually peel off the shell of religion, and evolved into a folk festival, which embodied commercialization. The holiday features of folklore and entertainment. The first part of this paper introduces the evolution of Ghost Festival's origin and the background of the Song Dynasty. The second part, with the help of notes, novels, local records and other historical records, the main Song Dynasty Ghost Festival vulgar. The third part analyzes the difference between Ghost Festival's customs in the south and the north by comparing the Tokyo festival customs described in Tokyo Meng Hua Lu with the Lin'an festival customs recorded in Dream Liang Records. The fourth part, taking Ghost Festival as the cutting point, looks at the mainstream culture of Song Dynasty, namely Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, discusses the cultural connotation contained in Ghost Festival's vulgar, the relationship between festivals and religion at the age of years, and the characteristics of the mainstream culture. The traditional festivals often continue the original intention of human beings in their cultural heritage. Both spirit and material are closely related to the cohesion and identity of a country. This paper holds that Ghost Festival was founded on the ancient age festival of our country, and although more religious ideas were implanted after it, it was the practice of filial piety in our country at the beginning, which focused on the expression of people's treasuring of family and the reverence of ancestors. Understanding the folklore and customs related to Ghost Festival and tracing back to the past are of great significance to the protection and inheritance of Chinese traditional festivals. Ghost Festival, as a traditional festival with rich cultural connotation and various customs and forms, responds to the call of the times of inheriting national memory in the rapid development of modernization. If we can keep this ancient festival tradition and inject the core elements of the times into it, it will help to enhance the sense of inheritance and the sense of ethnic identity.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K892.11;K244

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