20世纪著名哲学家_西方文化哲学的世纪审视

发布时间：2016-09-20 14:09

  本文关键词：西方文化哲学的世纪审视，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

西方文化哲学的世纪审视

     2009-7-19 16:27:57     来源：     

　　论文标题西方文化哲学的世纪审视
Studies of IPS Liquid Crystal Display Mode
论文作者李晓东
论文导师韩民青,论文学位硕士,论文专业外国哲学
论文单位山东师范大学,点击次数0,论文页数55页File Size2505k
2000-04-28西方,文化哲学,人
Western,Cultural philosophy,Human
随着21世纪的日渐临近，文化哲学越来越成为哲学研究的迫切问题。文化问题已成为哲学关注的焦点。这种关注的重要表现之一就是西方文化哲学的蓬勃兴起。本文试图通过研究和反思西方文化哲学在20世纪的发展状况，探讨西方文化哲学的发展规律及意义。全文共分五部分，分别讨论西方文化哲学的崛起和三种理论形态，并对西方文化哲学进行评析。 本文认为，西方文化哲学主要包括各种专门以人类的文化特质为研究对象的哲学理论和思潮以及包含在诸种哲学思潮和流派中的形形色色的文化理论和文化观点。20世纪西方文化哲学的兴起和发展是哲学研究对象重点转移的结果，也是深入认识人类存在与发展和文化发展的必然。社会历史的发展、科学技术的发展和对社会问题的反思是西方文化哲学发展的社会历史原因。西方文化哲学是对西方文化精神的本质探讨和理论展开，是西方文化精神的表现形式和活力源泉。与人的个体、群体、类的存在方式相应，西方文化哲学也以人的文化哲学、社会文化哲学和类的文化哲学的形态而存在。 社会文化哲学以作为人类群体形态的社会为研究单元，主要包括文明相对论、文化生长论、文明整合论和文化模式论。文明相对论强调不同地域之间的相对独立的文化形态的存在，文化生长论则从动态发展的角度审视不同地域文化的生长发育。文明整合论从不同地域文明间的冲突与融合理解文化的哲学意义，文化模式论则力求探寻文化发展的模式与结构。 人的文化哲学以审视个体的人的文化特质为重点，主要包括五种理论：人的本能与文明的本质、人性的异化与文化的物化、人性的扭曲与文化批判、人的自由与责任以及科学精神与人文精神。人的本能与文明的本质理论关注人的文化特质的存在，人性的异化与文化的物化理论则侧重从意识形态角度反思人性的迷失，人性的扭曲与文化批判理论以对工业社会和文化控制的批判为主要特色，人的自由与责任理论从对社会的批判转向对人的存在本身的关注。对科学精神与人文精神关系的探讨则将文化哲学的研究视野引向整个人类。 类的文化哲学以个人与社会相统一的人类总体作为研究基点，其理论内容主要涉及人类的文化本质、人类的文化特征、人类进步的文化实质、人类精神的迷失与文化重建，以及人类的宗教归宿及文化意义等几个方面。类的文化哲学把文化动物作为人类本质，以符号和语言为人类的文化特征，将人类进步的文化实质归结为工具与能量。人类精神的迷失与文化重建理论关注于对传统哲学的批判和对人类理想未来的文化探索。人类的宗教归宿及文化意义理论则为我们提出了人类文化的终极关怀问题。 20世纪西方文化哲学的发展充分体现了对人类认识的文化视角的开拓以及对人类文化特质的重视，使对人类的认识更加深化，体现了对西方文明的反思精神，预示了文化哲学将成为新的哲学生长点。同时，西方文化哲学根本立场的狭隘性、诸种理论的分割性及一些具体缺陷也是不容忽视的。从西方文化哲学的发展来看文化哲学的发展趋势，一体化与多元化并存的文化哲学在新世纪里大有可为。所以，我们要努力使中国文化走向世界、走向未来，为建设统一的全球文明做出贡献。
As time passes and the 21st century is drawing near, cultural philosophy is more and more eminent on the horizon of philosophical studies. Cultural issues have been among the major concerns of the 20th ? century philosophy. One of the immediate effects of the concerns is the rise of western cultural philosophy. The main purpose of this article is to discuss the developing law and significance of western cultural philosophy by studying and reflecting on its developing states. The article is composed of five parts, which discuss the rising, the the- oretical forms and the appraisals of the western cultural philosophy. The author concludes that the western cultural philosophy can be devided into two aspects. On the one hand, it means the philosophical theories and thoughts whose special study object is cultural trait of humankind . On the other hand,it means cultural theories and viewpoints of all forms which are included in kinds of trend of philosophical thoughts and schools. The rising and develop- ing of the western cultural philosophy in 20th century is not only the result of the shifting of focal points on philosophical study but also the necessity of fur- ther understanding about existent human and cultural developments. Its main social ? historical causes are the developments of society ? history, science ? technology and reflexion on social problems. The western cultural philosophy studies the nature of western cultural spirits, and it is the expression form and active springs of the spirits. The existent modes of human being are individual, group and humankind. Accordingly, western cultural philosophy includes cul- tural philosophy on person, social cultural philosophy and cultural philosophy on humankind. ?4? Social cultural philosophy looks the society as research unit, which is the group state of human being, and it includes four theories: civilization rela- tivisrn ,cultural growth theory, civilization integration theory and cultural pat- tern theory. The civilization relativism stresses the existence of relative inde- pendent cultural morphol in different areas. The cultural growth theory studies the growing of culture on dynamic developing aspects. The civilization integra- tion theory finds the philosophical meanings of culture through the conflict and fusion of civilizations in different areas. The cultural pattern theory studies the patterns and structures of cultural developments. Cultural philosophy on person studies mainly the cultural trait of individu- al. Its content is composed of five theories: the theory on the instinct of person and the nature of civilization, the theory on alienation of individual and materi- alization of culture, the theory on distortion of individual nature and cultural criticism, the theory on freedom and duty of person and the theory on relation- ships between scientific spirit and human spirit. The theory on the instinct of person and the nature of civilization focuses on the cultural trait of individual, and the theory on alienation of individual and materialization of culture reflects the loss of individual nature on aspect of ideology. The theory on distortion of individual nature and cultural criticism is characterized by its critiques to indus- trial society and cultural control. The theory on freedom and duty of person cares mainly about the existence of person itself. The theory on relationships between scientific spirit and human spirit shifts from the study o

  本文关键词：西方文化哲学的世纪审视，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

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