彼得一世时期英俄贸易探析

发布时间：2018-01-28 04:52

本文关键词： 英俄贸易烟草海军物资舰船科学仪器　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：英俄之间的直接贸易开始于16世纪。17世纪末18世纪初,随着国际关系日益复杂化,英俄之间的贸易联系亦多有波动。彼得大帝即位后,对国内烟草贸易政策放宽。英国商人在彼得随使团游历欧洲时与之签订烟草合同。英国商人在烟草贸易中获利很少,同时进行的海军物资贸易弥补了烟草贸易的损失。这一时期,俄国为了壮大海军力量,在波罗的海地区打败瑞典,秘密地从英国购买舰船,这项贸易对俄国意义重大。除了从英国采购船只外,俄国还从英国进口了许多科学仪器。彼得一世在英国有专门负责采买仪具的代理人。本篇论文主要分为三个部分:第一部分,前言。介绍本文的选题意义和研究情况。第二部分,论文的主体。第1章,英俄在彼此对外贸易中的地位。从宏观上把握这一时期英俄贸易的发展情况和趋势。第2章,英国主动与俄国开展的贸易。这部分主要叙述了两项贸易,烟草贸易和海军物资贸易。英国商人一直想打开俄国市场,但两国正式开展烟草贸易后,利润却非常低。海军物资贸易弥补了烟草贸易带来的损失。从俄国进口海军物资对英国极为重要,英国曾试图通过在北美殖民地发展海军物资生意来摆脱对俄国的依赖,但最终失败。第3章,俄国主动与英国开展的贸易。这一章分为两个部分,舰船贸易和科学仪器贸易。从英国采购舰船对俄国海军舰队的建成具有重要意义。在这个过程中,英国的莫斯科公司商人发挥了很大的作用。科学仪器贸易是英俄贸易中非常小的一部分,作为本章内容的补充。第三部分,结语。对整篇论文进行总结。概括这一时期英俄贸易的整体特征。英国出超,俄国入超;英国对俄国的物资依赖加强;俄国是这一阶段的主要获利者,外交目的高于商业目的;英俄之间的贸易联系主要受外交关系的影响,随着两国外交关系的波动而波动。
[Abstract]:The direct trade between Britain and Russia began at the end of 16th century and the beginning of 18th century. With the increasing complexity of international relations, the trade relations between Britain and Russia also fluctuated. Peter the Great became king. Relaxation of domestic tobacco trade policy. British merchants signed tobacco contracts with Peter during his mission to Europe. British traders made little profit from the tobacco trade. The simultaneous trade in naval supplies made up for the loss of the tobacco trade, during which Russia secretly bought ships from Britain in order to strengthen its navy by defeating Sweden in the Baltic region. This trade means a great deal to Russia. Except to buy ships from Britain. Russia has also imported many scientific instruments from the United Kingdom. Peter I has a special agent responsible for purchasing instruments in the United Kingdom. This paper is mainly divided into three parts: the first part. Introduction. Introduce the significance and research situation of this thesis. The second part, the main body of the thesis. Chapter 1. The position of Britain and Russia in each other's foreign trade. Grasp the development and trend of British and Russian trade in this period macroscopically. Chapter 2, the trade between Britain and Russia. This part mainly narrates two items of trade. The tobacco trade and the naval goods trade. British businessmen have been trying to open up the Russian market, but after the two countries officially opened the tobacco trade. The profits were very low. The trade in naval supplies made up for the loss of the tobacco trade. Imports of naval supplies from Russia were of great importance to Britain. Britain tried to get rid of its dependence on Russia by developing its naval goods business in the North American colonies, but it failed. Chapter 3, Trade between Russia and Britain, is divided into two parts. Ship trade and scientific instrument trade. Procurement of ships from Britain is of great importance to the building of the Russian naval fleet. In the process. The trade in scientific instruments is a very small part of the trade between Britain and Russia, as a supplement to the content of this chapter. The third part. Conclusion. Summarize the whole thesis. Summarize the overall characteristics of the Anglo-Russian trade in this period. Britain's increased dependence on Russia; Russia is the main beneficiary of this stage, the diplomatic purpose is higher than the commercial purpose; The trade relationship between Britain and Russia is mainly influenced by diplomatic relations and fluctuates with the fluctuation of diplomatic relations between the two countries.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F749;K512.3

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