两伊战争时期伊拉克对外关系研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 01:27

本文关键词： 两伊战争伊拉克对外关系　出处：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伊拉克复兴党自1968年第二次执政后,对外方针上一直执行“两步走”战略。在中东,伊拉克一直争作地区强国,努力成为阿拉伯世界的领袖。在中东以外的地区,伊拉克奉行“中立、不结盟”的外交政策。而两伊战争的爆发改变了伊拉克现存的外交环境,持久而残酷的战争使伊拉克筋疲力尽。面对霍梅尼的疯狂恋战,伊拉克由激进的阿拉伯国家转变为温和的阿拉伯国家,并放弃“中立、不结盟”的策略,转而主动向阿拉伯国家、世界大国示好,并同他们发展友好关系。本文主要讨论两伊战争期间伊拉克为赢得战争所作出的外交努力。在此期间,伊拉克与很多国家建立起友好关系,并争取到军事、经济、人力、情报等多方面的支持。全文一共包括四个章节：第一章概述了两伊战争时期伊拉克对外关系的背景。20世纪80年代,全球范围内的冷战还没有结束,美苏在中东的争夺还异常的激烈。冷战的阴影与两伊战争相互交织,导致伊拉克的外交关系发生了很大的变化。第二章详细论述两伊战争时期伊拉克与苏联的关系。两伊战争时期伊苏关系从冷淡到友好到再次动摇,经历了一波三折的复杂变化。而战争中伊拉克对苏联武器的依赖,致使伊苏关系的变化直接影响了伊拉克前线的武器供应。第三章主要论述两伊战争时期伊拉克与美国的关系。伊美关系较伊苏关系而言,具有较强的稳定性,即使出现过危机也未影响到伊美关系稳定的发展趋势,为此伊美之间还建立了情报、军事、经济等多方面的联系与合作,这对战争中的伊拉克来说非常重要。第四章主要论述两伊战争时期伊拉克与阿拉伯国家的关系。两伊战争中,阿拉伯国家与伊拉克同生存、共命运,互为彼此的依靠与屏障。伊拉克必须首先处理好同阿拉伯国家的关系,以保证后方的稳定与支援。而阿拉伯国家在两伊战争中分为明显的两派：以约旦为首的支持伊拉克的阿拉伯国家和以叙利亚为首的反对伊拉克的阿拉伯国家。面对两伊战争,阿拉伯世界分崩离析,但绝大部分阿拉伯国家选择支持伊拉克。最后通过对伊拉克这八年外交活动的分析,总结出伊拉克在两伊战争时期的外交特点并对伊拉克这一时期的外交活动的得与失做出相应评价。两伊战争时期伊拉克的一切外交活动及其外交变化皆是基于维持战争以及尽早赢得战争的需要。伊拉克通过发展同这些国家的关系赢得了战争所需要的支持。
[Abstract]:Since its second term in power in 1968, the Baath Party of Iraq has been implementing the "two-step" strategy in its foreign policy. In the Middle East, Iraq has always been a regional power. Iraq pursues a "neutral, non-aligned" foreign policy outside the Middle East, and the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war has changed Iraq's existing diplomatic environment. Iraq was exhausted by a long and brutal war. In the face of Khomeini's frantic love war, Iraq changed from a radical Arab state to a moderate Arab state and abandoned its "neutral, non-aligned" strategy. This paper mainly discusses the diplomatic efforts made by Iraq to win the war during the Iran-Iraq War. Iraq has established friendly relations with many countries and has secured military, economic and human resources. The first chapter summarizes the background of Iraq's foreign relations during the Iran-Iraq War. 80s of the 20th century, the global cold war has not yet ended. The rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union in the Middle East is also unusually fierce. The shadow of the cold war is intertwined with the Iran-Iraq war. The second chapter discusses the relations between Iraq and the Soviet Union in detail during the Iran-Iraq War. The relations between Iraq and the Soviet Union in the period of the Iran-Iraq War were changed from indifference to friendship to shaking again. After a series of complicated changes, Iraq's reliance on Soviet weapons during the war. The third chapter mainly discusses the relationship between Iraq and the United States during the war between Iraq and Iraq. The relationship between Iraq and the United States is more stable than that of the Soviet Union. Even if there has been a crisis, it has not affected the stable development trend of the relations between Iraq and the United States. For this reason, the relations and cooperation between Iraq and the United States have been established in many aspects, such as intelligence, military affairs, economy and so on. This is very important to Iraq during the war. Chapter 4th mainly discusses the relations between Iraq and Arab countries during the Iran-Iraq War. Iraq must first deal with its relations with the Arab countries. In order to ensure the stability and support of the rear, the Arab countries were divided into two distinct factions in the Iran-Iraq war:. The Arab countries, led by Jordan, which supported Iraq, and the Arab countries, led by Syria, which opposed Iraq, faced the Iran-Iraq war. The Arab world fell apart, but the vast majority of Arab countries chose to support Iraq. Finally, an analysis of Iraq's eight years of diplomatic activity was adopted. This paper summarizes the diplomatic characteristics of Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War and makes a corresponding evaluation of the gains and losses of the Iraqi diplomatic activities during this period. All the diplomatic activities and diplomatic changes in Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War are based on the dimension. Iraq has won the necessary support for war by developing relations with these countries.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K377.53

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