《梵网戒本疏日珠钞》所载博戏新考

发布时间：2019-01-04 12:34

【摘要】：博戏是中国古代各阶层民众主要的娱乐消遣方式之一,作为社会生活史、文化风俗史、体育史的重要研究对象,日渐受到学界的重视。人们对传统四部、敦煌文书壁画中有关博戏的材料进行了竭泽而渔式的挖掘和研究,极大地丰富了对于博戏的认识。然而,日本僧人凝然所著《梵网戒本疏日珠钞》中一段三千多字的博戏史料,保存了中古时期中日两国僧人关于十种博戏的记载。迄今为止,除有位学者用之于拔河研究外,其余罕有知之者,因而未能得到充分的利用和研究。本文绪论综述博戏及其研究状况,介绍《梵网戒本疏日珠钞》之成书内容,重点考证“博戏”条引用其说的中日两国僧人生平与著述,以了解各家说法所出时代,说明其之所以具有较高史料价值的原因。正文的章节安排,是以该条所载博戏的次序为纲,依次对樗蒲、波罗塞戏、弹棋、双陆(附六博)、掷石、投壶分章进行考证。在每一章中,先移录《梵网戒本疏日珠钞》中的相关史料,对其整理标点并简述其文献特点。然后在此基础之上,结合传世文献的记载,对该史料所记载博戏的起源、发展、用具、具体规则等问题,进行详细的考证。其中关于各种博戏形制与规则的研究比较深入,论证唐人将双陆误作六博比较充分,对钟葵与钟馗之关系、上官仪《投壶经》佚文的研究尚属第一次。本文凸显出这些新史料对博戏研究的重要文献价值,对推进各种博戏在中古时期发展面貌本身的研究有所裨益。当然,因记录者的僧人身份,对博戏未必十分熟悉,“博戏”条也有记载失实之处。且因其关于围棋、拍鞠、八道行城的记载相对简略,价值稍低,而拔河(牵道)部分已有学者做过研究,故本文暂时没有对这几种博戏进行考证。
[Abstract]:As an important research object of social life history, culture and custom history and sports history, Bo Opera is one of the main entertainment ways of Chinese ancient people. People have excavated and studied the traditional four books, Dunhuang documents and frescoes, which have greatly enriched the understanding of the Bo Opera. However, the historical data of more than 3,000 characters in the Japanese monk's book "the Brahma net caution against the Japanese Pearl banknote" preserved the records of 10 kinds of Bo operas by the monks of China and Japan in the middle ancient times. So far, except for one scholar who has been used in tug-of-war research, the others have not been fully utilized and studied. In this paper, the introduction summarizes the Bo opera and its research status, introduces the content of the book "the Brahma net caution against the Japanese pearl banknote", and focuses on the textual research on the life and writings of the monks in China and Japan cited in the article "Bo Xiu" in order to understand the times when the various theories came out. Explain the reason why it has higher historical material value. The chapter arrangement of the text is based on the order of the Bo dramas contained in the article, and textual research is carried out on the chapters of Cynthia Pu, Porosai Opera, playing chess, Shuanglu (with Liu Bo), throwing stones and throwing pots. In each chapter, we first record the relevant historical materials in "the Brahma net warning this book and the Japanese beads", arrange its punctuation and briefly describe the characteristics of its literature. Then on this basis, combined with the records of historical documents, the origin, development, utensils, specific rules and other issues recorded in the historical materials, such as the detailed textual research. Among them, the research on various forms and rules of Bo opera is more thorough, and it is proved that the Tang people made Shuanglu as "six Bo" by mistake. It is the first time to study the relationship between Zhong Kui and the lost text of Shangguan Yi. This paper highlights the important literature value of these new historical materials to the study of Bo Opera, and it is beneficial to the study of the development of various kinds of Bo Opera in the Middle Ancient period. Of course, because of the monk's identity, the Bo Opera may not be very familiar with, the "Bo Opera" also has false records. And because of its relatively simple records about go, Pian Ju, Badaohang City, and the tug of war (lead Road) part of the scholars have done research, so this paper has no textual research on these kinds of Bo Opera.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K104

【参考文献】