传统国家近代转型的开端:张居正改革新论

发布时间：2018-02-01 12:21

本文关键词： 张居正改革白银货币化财政体系转型国家转型　出处：《文史哲》2015年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：张居正改革是中国历史上的重大改革之一。改革以世界连成一个整体的全球化开端为历史大背景,与全球市场的初步形成,白银货币形成世界货币,即经济全球化有着密切的联系。改革是一个过程,不是一个事件,改革源自市场的萌发,以长达一个半世纪的赋役改革作为前期准备;改革没有推行一条鞭法的全国法令,《万历会计录》和《清丈条例》是改革迄今遗存的两部重要文献;改革的核心是财政,改革重建的新财政体系,是从以实物为主向以白银货币为主的财政体系的全面转型,是中国二千年财政体系的根本转型,也标志了史无前例的中国传统国家向近代国家的转型。历史并非如既往所认识的,张居正改革人亡而政息了,相对王安石变法而言,张居正改革是成功的。
[Abstract]:Zhang Juzheng's reform is one of the major reforms in China's history. The reform takes the beginning of the globalization of the world as a whole as the historical background, the initial formation of the global market and the formation of the silver currency as the world currency. That is, economic globalization is closely related. Reform is a process, not an event. The reform originated from the germination of the market and was prepared for a century and a half of bonded reform. The reform has not carried out the national law of "one whip law", "Wanli Accounting record" and "regulations of Qing Zhang" are two important documents of the reform so far; The core of the reform is finance, and the new financial system of reform and reconstruction is a comprehensive transformation from a financial system dominated by physical objects to a financial system dominated by silver currency, and a fundamental transformation of China's financial system in the year 2000. It also marks the transition from an unprecedented Chinese traditional country to a modern one. The history is not as previously understood. Zhang Juzheng's reform was successful compared with Wang Anshi's reform.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院历史研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“十六世纪明代财政研究——以《万历会计录》的整理为中心”(08BZS023)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K248
【正文快照】： 16世纪出现的张居正改革,是中国历史上最著名的改革之一。关于张居正改革,研究成果极为丰硕。迄今为止,肯定改革的是主流,然而,学界也一直存在质疑之声,有些学者认为张居正改革够不上改革的评价,他只是政治家,够不上改革家;更多的质疑则是认为他没有提出新的改革方案,认为一条

【共引文献】