唐五代畜牧经济研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 13:10

本文关键词： 唐五代畜牧经济　出处：《厦门大学》2004年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：唐代社会政治、经济、文化繁荣昌盛，成就显赫，备受古今中外学者称颂。唐政府极端重视官营畜牧业的发展，设立了完善的管理机构，，在中央有太仆寺、尚书驾部、尚乘局齐抓共管；太仆寺下有庞大的监牧系统，配备有从监牧使到牧监、牧尉、牧长，直到牧子的管理和牧养人员，有一整套颇为完备的运作管理制度。为保证畜牧业的健康有序发展，唐政府制定了一套规范畜牧业发展的政策法令——“厩牧令”，作为畜牧官吏遵守的手则。为保证“厩牧令”的贯彻执行，唐政府又制定了厩牧律，以备对违反政策法令者的惩罚和制裁。唐代官府畜牧业，在前期的一百多年时间里，以国家监牧为基础，取得了空前的发展。在地方上，也有兴盛的畜牧业经营。在国家号令统一的形势下，整个唐代畜牧业的蓬勃发展，创造了我国历史上的辉煌业绩。唐后期及五代，官营畜牧业的重心，转向地方。私营畜牧业的普遍繁盛，多以个体农户为主体，大牲畜的牧养，多与农耕、农事相结合。而家畜家禽饲养业，多作为农业的副业和补充产业而存在，按不同地域自然条件所给予的适合环境，遍地开花，蓬勃发展，并各具特色。畜种改良与畜牧技术的改进，是唐五代畜牧业发展需求的必然结果。在此期间，不仅从域外引进了许多新的畜种，而且在监牧、在民间还培育了不少新品种。在畜牧技术和兽医学方面，都有一些新突破。总之，唐五代畜牧业的兴旺发达，为当时社会政治、军事、经济生活等提供了物质保证，增强了国力，满足了整个社会物质生活需求的供给。可以说，有唐一代，畜牧业与农业和手工业、商业等相依相伴，彼此共生共存，协调发展，取得可喜成就，是封建社会经济结构中不可或缺的产业。
[Abstract]:Tang Dynasty social politics, economy, culture prosperity, great achievements, is praised by scholars at all times and all over the world. The Tang government attached great importance to the development of official animal husbandry, set up a sound management agencies, in the central government has a temple. Book driving department, still riding the board to grasp the joint management; Under the temple, there is a huge system of supervision and grazing. It is equipped with a complete set of operational management systems, ranging from pastoral officers to pastoral officers, rangers, chief pastoralists, and pastoralists. In order to ensure the healthy and orderly development of animal husbandry, the Tang government formulated a set of policies and decrees to regulate the development of animal husbandry-"stable Animal Husbandry order". In order to ensure the implementation of the "stable grazing order", the Tang government formulated the law of stable grazing in order to punish and punish the violators of the policy and decrees. In the early period of more than 100 years, the government animal husbandry of the Tang Dynasty made unprecedented development based on the national supervision of animal husbandry. In the local area, there was also a prosperous animal husbandry management. Under the situation of the unity of the state order. The vigorous development of animal husbandry in the whole Tang Dynasty created brilliant achievements in the history of our country. In the late Tang Dynasty and the five dynasties, the center of gravity of the official animal husbandry turned to the place. Private animal husbandry is generally prosperous, with individual farmers as the main body, the grazing of large livestock, and farming, farming and farming, and livestock and poultry farming industry, as agricultural sideline and supplementary industries exist. According to different regional natural conditions to give suitable environment, blooming everywhere, vigorous development, and have their own characteristics. The improvement of livestock breeding and animal husbandry technology is the inevitable result of the development of animal husbandry in the Tang and the five dynasties. During this period, not only many new livestock species were introduced from abroad, but also many new animal breeds were introduced into supervision. Many new varieties have been cultivated in the folk, and some new breakthroughs have been made in animal husbandry technology and veterinary medicine. In a word, the prosperity and development of animal husbandry in Tang and five dynasties provided material guarantee for social politics, military affairs and economic life at that time, enhanced national strength and satisfied the supply of material life demand of the whole society. In the Tang Dynasty, animal husbandry was accompanied by agriculture, handicraft and commerce. It co-existed with each other, developed harmoniously and achieved gratifying achievements. It was an indispensable industry in the economic structure of feudal society.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K242

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