北魏官宦贪腐与政府之对策

发布时间：2018-03-12 12:40

本文选题：北魏　切入点：吏治　出处：《中国高校社会科学》2014年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：北魏建国近百年间百官无禄,成为贪官污吏产生的主因。地方官直接治民,方便聚敛财富,贪赃枉法尤为普遍。吏治腐败加剧了民众负担,而政府的税收也难以完成。统治者虽曾屡次下诏强调肃明吏治,但总的来看仍较宽纵。文成帝以后开始重视制定制度法规来改善吏治,文成帝定制对卸任地方官进行审计并予以奖惩,太上皇(献文帝)执政时正式颁布考绩制度,对地方官的监督迈上新的台阶。孝文帝颁行俸禄制,对贪赃枉法者严惩不贷,同时对官吏渎职进行处罚,吏治有了极大改善。北魏晚期政治日趋黑暗,法律弛废,贪官污吏多因遇赦得以逃避严惩,贪奢之风弥漫官场,整个官僚阶层腐朽不堪,终致政权崩溃。
[Abstract]:During the past hundred years of the founding of the Northern Wei Dynasty, it became the main cause of corrupt officials. Local officials directly govern the people, facilitate the accumulation of wealth, and corruption is particularly common. Official corruption exacerbates the burden on the public. The government's taxation is also difficult to complete. Although the rulers have repeatedly issued decrees to emphasize the purge of officials, but generally speaking, they are still lenient. After Wen Chengdi began to attach importance to the establishment of system and regulations to improve the administration of officials, Wen Chengdi made a custom audit of the outgoing local officials and gave them rewards and punishments. When the Emperor Tai Shang (Emperor Xianwen) came into power, he formally promulgated the performance Appraisal system, and took the supervision of the local officials to a new level. Emperor Xiaowen imposed a salary salary system and severely punished those who perverted the law. At the same time, the officials were punished for dereliction of duty, and the administration of officials was greatly improved. In the late Northern Wei Dynasty, the politics became increasingly dark, the law was abrogated, and the corrupt officials were able to escape severe punishment because of the amnesty. The corrupt and extravagant atmosphere permeated the official field, and the whole bureaucratic class was decayed. Eventually led to the collapse of the regime.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K239.21;D691.49

【参考文献】