明清时期山陕商人相互关系研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 08:41

本文选题：明清　切入点：山陕商人　出处：《西北大学》2010年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 进入上世纪九十年代后,中国商帮研究始终是学术界关注的热点问题之一。其中,晋商研究和陕商研究均已取得很好的成绩。但是目前,关于晋商和陕商的研究都是分省的割裂式研究,这种研究忽视了一个基本事实,即明清时期,晋商与陕商在较长的历史时期和经营空间内,都是以“山陕商人”的联省商帮面目出现的,被称为“西商”或“山陕商人”。因此,明清时期,山陕商人不是孤立于彼此而独立发展的,他们之间存在着既复杂又微妙的相互关系。故而本文试图进行一次山陕商人的整体式研究,即以山陕商人为研究对象,着重研究二者之间的相互关系,特别其中的联合关系,以期能够管中窥豹,了解明清时期山陕商人共同的成功经商规律。为了更有效地探求明清山陕商人的相互关系,特别是相互联合关系,本文首先在山陕商人联合的可能性分析中介绍了山陕商人的基本概况,即明清时期,山西商人和陕西商人在经营项目、商品来源地、商品销售市场、经商路线等方面存在着“交集”,这些交集使山陕商人出于规模经济的考虑,完全有可能走向联合。然后,本文从历史、经济、文化等方面分析了山陕商人联合的原因,从而认为,明清时期,山陕商人之间存在联合关系是成立的。继而,本文又通过讨论山陕商人联合的经济形式和组织形式,说明山陕商人之间的联合,在经济上和组织上是如何实现的。紧接着,本文分析了山陕商人在全国各地特别是在河南、湖北、山东、甘肃等地的联合情况。最后,本文分析了山陕商人之间的联合因难免存在的竞争,而表现出的分分合合的灵活性。通过对山陕商人联合中灵活性的分析,说明了山陕商人之间相互关系中的竞争方面,从而完成对明清时期山陕商人相互关系的整体分析。通过对山陕商人的整体研究,本文得出结论：明清时期,山陕商人之间存在着以联合为主的、既联合又竞争相互关系。在各章的研究中,本论文都综合运用历史分析与经济分析相结合的方法,全方位多角度对问题进行分析。本文的创新点在于：将山陕商人的相互关系,作为统一的研究对象,特别研究了山陕商人相互关系中联合关系的发生、发展及其运动变化规律,克服了单独研究晋商和单独研究陕商的局限性；对山陕商人的资本组织形式进行对比,特别研究了山陕商人的合伙制；对明清时期山陕商人在全国所建的会馆进行了分省数量统计,并对其分布特点进行分析：从经商路线的角度入手,详细论述了明清山陕商人在河南、湖北、甘肃等省联合的基本情况。明清时期,山陕商人之间以联合为主的、既联合又竞争的相互关系,是中国商业史上最生动最有趣的经济现象之一,研究山陕商人的相互关系,不仅有利于打破学术研究的分割状态,而且,对两省经济的区域联合发展,也具有启发意义。
[Abstract]:Since -10s, Chinese business group research has always been one of the hot issues in academic circles. Among them, Shanxi business research and Shaanxi business research have made good achievements. But at present, The studies on Shanxi and Shaanxi merchants are divided into provinces. This kind of research ignores a basic fact, that is, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, Shanxi merchants and Shaanxi merchants were in a long historical period and business space. They all appeared as "merchants of Shan and Shan", and were called "Western merchants" or "merchants of Shan and Shan". Therefore, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, Shanshan merchants did not develop independently of each other. There is a complex and delicate relationship between them, so this paper tries to carry out a comprehensive study of Shanshan merchants, that is, taking Shanshan merchants as the research object, focusing on the relationship between the two, especially the joint relationship. In order to be able to look into the leopard, understand the Ming and Qing dynasties Shan merchants common successful business laws. In order to explore more effectively the relationship between Shanshan and Shaanxi merchants in Ming and Qing dynasties, especially the joint relationship between them, this paper first introduces the basic situation of Shanshan merchants in the analysis of the possibility of the association of Shanshan and Shaanxi merchants, that is, the Ming and Qing dynasties, which is the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There is a "intersection" between Shanxi businessmen and Shaanxi businessmen in business projects, commodity sources, commodity sales markets, trade routes, and so on. These intersections make it possible for Shanshan businessmen to move toward union out of the consideration of economies of scale. Then, This paper analyzes the causes of Shanshan businessmen 'union from the aspects of history, economy and culture, and concludes that there was a joint relationship between Shan and Shan merchants in Ming and Qing dynasties. By discussing the economic and organizational forms of Shanshan and Shaanxi businessmen 'union, this paper explains how the economic and organizational integration between Shanshan and Shaanxi businessmen is realized. Then, this paper analyzes the Shan-Shan businessmen in various parts of the country, especially in Henan. Hubei, Shandong, Gansu and other places. Finally, this paper analyzes the flexibility of integration between Shanshan and Shaanxi businessmen because of the inevitable competition. Through the analysis of the flexibility of Shanshan businessmen 'association, This paper explains the competition aspect of the relationship between Shanshan and Shaanxi merchants, thus completes the overall analysis of the relationship between Shanshan and Shaanxi merchants in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Through the overall study of the Shanshan businessmen, this paper draws a conclusion: the Ming and Qing dynasties, the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties, There is a combination between Shanshan-Shaanxi businessmen, which is both joint and competitive. In the study of each chapter, this paper combines historical analysis with economic analysis. The innovation of this paper is that the relationship between the businessmen of Shanshan and Shaanxi is regarded as a unified object of study, especially the occurrence, development and the law of movement change of the joint relationship between the businessmen of Shanshan and Shaanxi. It overcomes the limitations of studying Shanxi merchants alone and Shaanxi merchants separately, compares the capital organization forms of Shanshan businessmen, and especially studies the partnership system of Shanshan businessmen. This paper makes statistics on the number and distribution of Shanshan merchants' halls in the whole country during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and analyzes their distribution characteristics. From the angle of business route, the paper discusses in detail the merchants of Shan and Shan in the Ming and Qing dynasties in Henan and Hubei. The basic situation of Gansu and other provinces United. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the relationship between the businessmen of Shanshan and Shaanxi, mainly United and competitive, was one of the most vivid and interesting economic phenomena in the history of Chinese business. It is not only beneficial to break the division of academic research, but also enlightening to the regional joint development of the two provinces.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K248

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