明代吴淞江中下游的旱情敏感

发布时间：2018-04-17 17:36

本文选题：旱灾 + 江南水乡　；参考：《中国高校社会科学》2014年03期

【摘要】：宋代吴江长桥修建使吴淞江水流流速缓慢,河道淤积加强。到明代,随着山区开发,水流更加浑浊。为了防治淤塞,明初治水者将吴淞江中下游主干河道转移到黄浦江。黄浦江水深流急,排水速度提高,吴淞江溢流排水的丰水环境被改变。昆山与嘉定的原吴淞江两岸地区由此产生旱情。由于海潮顺各河快速上溯,泥沙沉积格外严重,沿岸高地的形势日益强化。因清水经常断流,潮水灌溉也大为减少,整个地区对旱涝的敏感程度明显提升。旱情在嘉靖年间日益严重,江南水乡出现了旱情敏感。水乡中出现了旱地化景观,也出现了一些次生的变化。旱灾导致高地难以再持续种植水稻,不得不以种植棉花替代。水稻种植比重下降,棉花种植比重上升。
[Abstract]:The construction of Wu Jiang long Bridge in Song Dynasty made Wusong River flow velocity slow and river siltation strengthened.By the Ming Dynasty, with the development of mountain areas, the flow of water was more muddy.In order to prevent blockage, the main river in the middle and lower reaches of Wusong River was transferred to Huangpu River in the early Ming Dynasty.The water depth of Huangpu River is fast and the drainage speed is increasing, and the abundant water environment of Wusong River overflow drainage has been changed.Kunshan and Jiading of the former Wusong River on both sides of the region resulting in drought.Due to the rapid retrogression of the sea tide along the rivers, the sediment deposition is especially serious, and the situation of the coastal highlands is becoming more and more serious.Due to the frequent disconnection of clear water and the decrease of tidal irrigation, the sensitivity of the whole area to drought and waterlogging is obviously increased.Drought in Jiajing years is increasingly serious, Jiangnan water township drought sensitivity.The landscape of dry land appeared in the water village, and some secondary changes also appeared.Drought has made it difficult for the highlands to grow rice on a sustainable basis and have to be replaced by cotton.The proportion of rice planting decreased, the proportion of cotton planting increased.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史地理研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“宋代以来长江三角洲环境变迁史研究”(09&ZD068) 复旦大学“985工程”三期复旦大学丁铎尔中心生态环境与人文社科交叉研究项目(FTC98503A10)阶段性成果
【分类号】：S423;K248

【共引文献】