唐代射生军考

发布时间：2018-04-21 09:44

本文选题：唐代 + 射生军　；参考：《史林》2014年01期

【摘要】：唐代射生军是安史乱后,神策军兴起之前最重要的禁军。分为内射生和衙前射生。内射生始置于玄宗开元时期,由宦官统领;衙前射生始置于肃宗时期,由武将统领。在肃宗至宪宗时期,射生军经历了射生军、神威军、天威军等不同的发展阶段,最后并入神策军。射生军起自宫内,始终是皇帝最信任的侍卫禁军。贞元时德宗重建禁军体系时曾有扶持射生(神威)军与神策军相制衡的战略意图。宪宗时期,这一政策遭到破坏,射生军(神威军)被并入神策。因此,唐代后期的神策军实际上有两个源头,一是起自边疆,入关勤王的河陇边军,另一则是起自宫内,宿卫护驾的射生军(神威军)。神策军吞并射生(神威)军,直接染指宫城宿卫,故得以恣意废立君主。在唐代前后期禁军体系转变过程中,射生军具有承前启后的作用,其意义不容忽视。
[Abstract]:The shooting and birth Army in Tang Dynasty was the most important forbidding army before the rise of the divine strategy army after the Anshi chaos. It is divided into injector and Ya Qiansheng. The injectors were placed in the period of Xuanzong Kaiyuan, led by eunuchs, and at the time of Suzong, led by martial generals. During the period from Suzong to Xianzong, Jisheng Army experienced different stages of development, such as Jisheng Army, Shenwei Army and Tianwei Army, and finally merged into the Shenzheng Army. Shooting troops from the palace, has always been the emperor's most trusted guard banned army. In Zhenyuan, Dedong had the strategic intention of balancing the army with the divine forces when he rebuilt the ban system. During the period of the constitution, this policy was destroyed, and the Shisheng Army was incorporated into the divine policy. Therefore, in the late Tang Dynasty, there were actually two sources of divine forces: one was from the frontier, and the other was from the Emperor Bian Jun, who had been in the imperial palace. The divine forces engulfed the living (divine) army, directly into the Miyagi, so they were able to dispense with the monarch. In the process of the transformation of the ban system in the early and late Tang Dynasty, the projectile had the function of connecting the past with the future, and its significance could not be ignored.
【作者单位】：武汉大学历史学院暨中国三至九世纪研究所;
【基金】：2010年武汉大学自主科研项目“神策军与中晚唐政局关系之研究”(项目号:112275963)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：K242

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