弘历皇子时期书法学习经历考

发布时间：2018-05-08 13:56

本文选题：弘历 + 写仿习作　；参考：《故宫博物院院刊》2014年03期

【摘要】：故宫博物院收藏有比较完整的乾隆皇帝在皇子时期的书法习作,当时称为"仿",这些习作不仅记录了从康熙六十一年冬到雍正十三年八月期间,弘历每天临摹字帖的情况,而且还保留了大量的授课老师的xC笔批阅。本文在对这些"仿"作进行整理与分期的基础上,对弘历的书法启蒙、父祖影响、选帖安排、纸张使用、老师指导以及个人喜好等几个方面再行考证和研究,以期还原一个相对真实而完整的清代皇子书法学习的情境,从而为更准确地评价弘历的书法艺术提供一些详实的资料和一个全新的角度。本文的主要结论有:第一,书法学习是清代皇子教育中重要的组成,是每天课业的第一部分。第二,弘历的系统书法教育始于雍正元年,主要学习方法是临摹楷书,期间经历了以摹写颜真卿《多宝塔碑》打基础,以摹写唐诗、《千字文》等学习大楷,以摹写王羲之《乐毅论》学习小楷,以摹写《瑞麦赋》重新学大楷四个阶段。第三,弘历的书法学习与家庭前辈的喜好、老师的指教暨字帖选择和字体练习次序密切相关。最后,雍正皇帝的突然去世,打乱了弘历书法学习的进程,对其书法的进步造成负面影响,使得他的风格水平过早定型,难有更高的艺术成就。
[Abstract]:The Palace Museum has a relatively complete collection of Emperor Qianlong's calligraphy exercises during the Emperor Qianlong's reign, known as "imitation" at that time. These exercises not only recorded the daily copying of inscriptions from the winter of Kangxi 61 to August 13 of Yongzheng. And also retained a large number of teaching teachers XC comments. On the basis of arranging and dividing these "imitation" works, this paper makes further research on the enlightenment of calligraphy, the influence of father and ancestor, the arrangement of selecting posts, the use of paper, the guidance of teachers and personal preferences, and so on. With a view to restoring a relatively true and complete situation of calligraphy learning by the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, this paper provides some detailed materials and a new angle for more accurate evaluation of the calligraphy art of Hongli. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, calligraphy study is an important part of imperial education in Qing Dynasty and the first part of daily study. Second, the systematic calligraphy education of Hongli began in the first year of Yongzheng. The main method of learning was to copy regular script. During that period, he learned by imitating Yan Zhenqing's "Dobaota Stele" and learning block letters by imitating Tang poetry and "thousand characters". Learn Xiao Kai by imitating Wang Xizhi's Le Yi Theory, and re-learn big block letters by rewriting 'Ruimai Fu'. Thirdly, the calligraphy learning of Hongli is closely related to the preference of the family elders, the teacher's instruction and the choice of the word posts, and the order of typewriting practice. Finally, the sudden death of Emperor Yongzheng disrupted the learning process of Hongli calligraphy and had a negative impact on the progress of his calligraphy.
【作者单位】：故宫博物院书画部;
【分类号】：K249

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