南宋地方社会管窥——以阳枋《广安旱代赵守榜文》为中心

发布时间：2018-05-22 12:52

本文选题：南宋 + 阳枋　；参考：《西北师大学报(社会科学版)》2013年03期

【摘要】：阳枋《广安旱代赵守榜文》虽然是一篇为缓解淳yP四年广安军发生旱灾所作的劝谕社会各阶层"上下改革,共回天意"的告示,但是告示内容揭示了南宋广安军地方社会四个问题:一是这篇榜文把朱熹感召和气以救荒的思想运用到广安救荒活动中,昭示着朱熹的理学思想在理宗时代已深入基层社会,成为下层民众普遍接受的一种行为准则,或认识问题的方法原则。二是士的定义从战国以降很不确定,到唐宋之际,研究者一般认为士是指包括士大夫在内参加科举考试的人群,属统治阶级,但阳枋榜文中却明确将士与士大夫分开。士大夫是有明确官职的人,而士则被局限为业儒者。三是突显了官府官、吏在社会结构中的统治或强势身份,军使(军守)、士大夫、吏胥排在前三名,属于地方社会的上层,而士农工商是基本民众,在这里强调了官民之间的分野。四是道释者流、军禁之士、游手之徒成为地方社会特殊的群体或阶层,是中唐社会发生巨大变化的直接反映和结果。另外,从榜文所列诸阶层悔惧失德、省愆自责,以求兴利除害诸项中,可以深刻透视广安军存在的诸多社会问题。
[Abstract]:Yang Fang "Zhao Shou-bang on behalf of Guangan" although it is a notice to alleviate the drought in Guangan Army in the past four years, it has advised all social strata to "reform up and down, and return to heaven altogether". However, the contents of the notice revealed four problems in the local society of the Guang'an Army in the Southern Song Dynasty: first, this article applied the idea of Zhu Xi to the activities of relief from famine by inspiring peace and spirit, indicating that the Neo-Confucianism thought of Zhu Xi had already penetrated into the grass-roots society in the era of rationalism. To become a generally accepted code of conduct, or to understand the problem of the method of principle. Second, the definition of a scholar from the warring States period to very uncertain, to the Tang and Song dynasties, researchers generally think that scholars, including scholars and officials to take the imperial examination of the crowd, belong to the ruling class, but Yangfang list is clearly separated from the literati and officials. Literati and officials are those who have definite official posts, while scholars are confined to professional Confucianism. Third, it highlights the ruling or strong status of government officials and officials in the social structure. Military envoys (military guards, literati and officials, officials and officials) are in the first three places, belonging to the upper class of the local society, and the industry and commerce of the intellectuals, peasants, and industry and commerce are the basic people. The division between the government and the people is emphasized here. The fourth is that the Taoists, the people banned by the army and the people who travel hand become the special groups or strata of the local society, which is the direct reflection and the result of the great changes in the society of the middle Tang Dynasty. In addition, the social problems existing in Guang'an Army can be deeply seen from the social problems of Guang'an Army from all the strata listed in the article, such as repentance, fear of virtue, self-reproach and self-reproach in order to promote profit and eliminate harm.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“宋朝应对自然灾害的危机管理及历史经验研究”(10AZS006)
【分类号】：C912;K245

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