万历援朝东征时期的庙堂策划

发布时间：2018-05-25 02:34

本文选题：明朝 + 援朝东征　；参考：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：万历二十年至万历二十七年的援朝东征是“万历三大征”中耗时最久、所用兵力物力最多、影响最为深远的事件。明朝经过朝鲜求援后的出兵援助，到和谈休战，再到再次出兵最终与朝鲜一起击退了日军，取得了战争的胜利。本文试图通过对史料的梳理，分析战争初期明朝决定出兵援朝、和谈失败之后明朝坚持再次发兵援助朝鲜，以及战后万历朝臣对坚持出兵援朝的态度，考量明朝在面临国内战争不断、兵饷不足、辽东女真势力崛起、朝廷政治腐败、党争不断的忧患形势下仍坚持出兵援助邻国朝鲜的内在原因，解读明朝朝臣和皇帝对于日本侵略朝鲜的认识，了解明代士大夫眼中的中日与中朝关系的差异，认识当时以中国为中心的朝贡体制的地理边缘和体制本身的弹性，以求有助于用历史的眼光认识当今东亚三国的关系。本文认为：明朝决定出兵援朝从根本上讲，中国排除万难、抗住国内形势紧张的压力最终援朝是由于中国与朝鲜的宗藩关系，中朝两国的朝贡关系在明朝皇帝以及朝臣心目中早已烙印化。朝鲜向中国求援，表明了其“事大”图存之心，中国决定援兵，彰显了其“字小”之义。而究其保护藩属国的内在原因在于明朝与朝鲜在文化上的认同感。另一方面也有出于保护藩篱，以防中国边境受到侵扰的目的。对于援朝所抗击的国家日本，明代士大夫则是不信任的排斥态度。原因在于日本未被明朝纳入藩属国范围内，，并且对中国不断侵扰。全文一共六部分，首先介绍选题的依据及研究意义，对万历援朝东征的庙堂策划相关研究现状进行论述，并简要介绍主要参考资料；第一章对战争过程进行简要的介绍；第二章展开万历朝臣关于援朝东征议论的史料梳理，理清朝臣不同的主张，阐明明神宗的决策，借此展现皇帝与朝臣对朝鲜之役的态度；第三章梳理和谈失败后坚持出兵援助朝鲜直至战争结束的策划，呈现出大臣对于援兵再战的态度，以及战后留兵朝鲜一事的探讨；第四章通过整理万历后期几位代表性大臣的文集奏疏，呈现他们对当时明朝出兵援朝的态度；结论部分总结明朝出兵援朝的原因认为：从根本上讲，中国援朝是由于中国与朝鲜的宗藩关系，和明朝与朝鲜在文化上的认同，同时亦为了保护本国安全。对于援朝所抗击的国家日本，明代士大夫则是不信任的排斥态度。
[Abstract]:The aid to Korea from twenty years to twenty-seven years in Wanli is the most time-consuming, the most material and the most far-reaching event in the "three great expeditions of Wanli." The Ming Dynasty sent troops after the DPRK asked for help, until the peace talks and the truce, and then again sent troops together with North Korea eventually repelled the Japanese troops, won the war. This paper attempts to analyze the Ming Dynasty's decision to send troops to the DPRK at the beginning of the war, the Ming Dynasty's insistence on sending troops to the DPRK again after the failure of the peace talks, and the attitude of the postwar Wanli courtiers to the decision to send troops to the DPRK. Considering the inherent reasons for the Ming Dynasty to persist in sending troops to assist neighboring North Korea in the face of continuous civil war, inadequate pay, the rise of the forces of Nu Zhen in eastern Liaoning, political corruption in the imperial court, and constant party disputes. Interpreting the understanding of Japanese aggression against Korea by the courtiers and emperors of the Ming Dynasty, understanding the differences in Sino-Japanese and Sino-Korean relations in the eyes of the literati and bureaucrats of the Ming Dynasty, and recognizing the geographical edge of the tributary system centered on China and the flexibility of the system itself at that time. In order to help understand the relationship between the three East Asian countries with a historical perspective. This article holds that the decision of the Ming Dynasty to send troops to the DPRK is fundamentally due to the suzerain-vassal relationship between China and North Korea, which has helped China overcome all difficulties and resist the pressure of domestic tension. The tributary relationship between China and North Korea has long been imprinted in the eyes of Ming emperors and courtiers. North Korea's request for help from China shows that it is "big", and that China's decision to help troops underscores the meaning of "small words." The intrinsic reason for its protection lies in the cultural identity of Ming Dynasty and North Korea. On the other hand, there is also the purpose of protecting the Chinese border from interference. For the aid to the country of Japan, the Ming Dynasty literati and officials are distrust of the rejection. The reason is that Japan was not included in the Ming Dynasty and harassed China. The thesis consists of six parts: firstly, it introduces the basis of the topic and the significance of the research, discusses the current situation of the temple and hall planning of the Wanli aid to the east of Korea, and briefly introduces the main reference materials; the first chapter gives a brief introduction to the war process; The second chapter unfolds the historical data of Wanli courtiers on the aid of the Eastern Expedition, clarifies the different opinions of the courtiers, clarifies the decision of the Ming Shenzong, and thus shows the attitude of the emperor and the courtiers toward the Korean battle. The third chapter combs the plan of sending troops to Korea until the end of the war after the failure of the peace talks, showing the Minister's attitude towards the reinforcements and the discussion of the matter of remaining troops in Korea after the war. In the fourth chapter, by sorting out the works of several representative ministers in the late Wanli period, they present their attitude towards sending troops to the Ming Dynasty to assist the DPRK. The conclusion part summarizes the reasons for sending troops to the DPRK in the Ming Dynasty: fundamentally speaking, China helped Korea because of the Suzerain-vassal relationship between China and North Korea, the cultural identity of Ming Dynasty and North Korea, and the protection of its own security. For the aid to the country of Japan, the Ming Dynasty literati and officials are distrust of the rejection.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K248

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