“走西口”历史研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 04:49

本文选题：西口 + “走西口”　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2008年博士论文

【摘要】： 《走西口》是二人台地方小戏中的传统经典剧目,该戏的广泛传播和深远影响,促使“走西口”一词成为华北流民北进西口地区谋生的代名词。本文就以该小戏的剧情为中心,运用历史唯物主义的方法,探究“走西口”这种中国近代移民文化和社会历史现象,从而揭示出内蒙古西部地区经济、文化发展的脉络和社会变迁的状况,为更好地促进内蒙古的社会发展和文化繁荣服务。本文五部分。第一部分《西口就是归化城》,笔者运用考据学和社会学方法,在大量史料支持下,探究出人们常说的“走西口”的“西口”就是指归化城(今呼和浩特旧城),“西口”是归化城的俗称,从而推翻了占据统治地位的“杀虎口说”,也有力驳斥了“西口变迁说”,为“走西口”历史研究开拓了道路。第二部分《西口地区的农垦进程》,笔者运用历史文献学和历史地理学方法,以清代西口地区的蒙旗设置为单个研究对象,对绝大多数以农为生的“走西口”者所开垦土地进程展开论述,从而揭开了西口地方农业社会发展的全貌,为认识“走西口”和“走西口”社会现象铺平道路,指出西口地区各盟旗对各自的土地,其认识也是各不相同的,而这种对土地认识的差异,直接导致了“走西口”者踏入这些土地后,处理方式的不同。第三部分《走西口者的主体》,笔者运用传统史学和社会学相结合的方法,对什么人走西口和他们为何要走西口这两个问题进行了深入细致的探讨、分析,得出光绪十年(1884年)的编户立籍,才使“走西口”者及其后裔和新来者,彻底把西口地方看作是自己家乡。第四部分《“丁戊奇荒”与走西口》属个案研究,笔者运用历史文献学和社会学方法,对山西地区的“丁戊奇荒”展开全面的研究,从而证明正是在“丁戊奇荒”的历史背景下,产生了脍炙人口、广受人们喜爱的《走西口》小戏,“丁戊奇荒”促使许多山西人口流向了西口地区,出现了近代内蒙古历史上的一次移民大潮。第五部分《西口地区的地名探源》,笔者运用历史地理学和地名学方法,对西口地区各个村名、地名的来源,展开深入研究,从而发现西口地区的地名、村名来源有十六种之多,且有许多种村名、地名的来源,是其他省区所没有的,具有很大的独特性,说明西口地方村名、地名来源极其丰富而复杂。通过此研究,为深入研究西口地区的社会变迁和“走西口”社会现象,奠定了坚实的地理知识基础,为以后开展类似研究积累了经验和方法。通过以上五方面研究,笔者已能把握西口各地社会变迁概貌,能较好阐述“走西口”移民文化现象,为地方文化、区域文化建设特别是为内蒙古建设文化大区、文化强区事业做出了贡献,也为我国政府进一步做好移民安置工作、特别是解决进城务工的“农民工”问题,及各地方政府的“撤乡并镇”和解决人口流动问题,提供了历史借鉴;同时也为多民族地区做好民族工作,增强民族团结,提供了参考。因此“走西口”历史研究,具有极为重要的历史和现实研究意义。
[Abstract]:"Walking west mouth" is a traditional classical play in the local local local opera. The wide spread and far-reaching influence of the play prompted the word "walk west mouth" to become a pronoun for the living of the North Huabei people north into the Xikou area. This paper, taking the plot of the drama as the center, explores the modern Chinese immigrants "walking west mouth" using the historical materialism method. Cultural and social historical phenomena reveal the situation of economic, cultural development and social changes in Western Inner Mongolia, and serve to better promote the social development and cultural prosperity of Inner Mongolia.
The five part of this article. The first part, "Xikou is the naturalization City >", the author uses the methods of textual research and sociology to explore the "Xikou", which people often say, "Xikou" is the city of naturalization (the old city of Hohhot), and the "Xikou" is the custom of the naturalization City, thus overthrowing the dominant "Shahukou said" In the second part of the process of farming and reclamation in Xikou area, the author uses historical documentation and historical geography to set up Mongol banner in the Xikou area of the Qing Dynasty as a single research object, and reclaims the vast majority of farmers who live on the west mouth. The land process is discussed, thus opening the whole picture of the development of the agricultural society in Xikou District, paving the way for understanding the social phenomenon of "walking west mouth" and "walking west mouth". It points out that the understanding of the land of each league in the Xikou region is different from each other, and the difference in recognition of the land directly leads to the "walk west mouth" to step in. The third part, "the main body of the people in Xikou", the author uses the method of combining traditional history with sociology to make a thorough and detailed discussion about the two problems that people go to Xikou and why they want to go to Xikou. The author makes an analysis and concludes that the "walk west mouth" in the light of Guangxu for ten years (1884) With its descendants and newcomers, the fourth part of the "Ding Wuqi famine" and "walking Xikou" is a case study. The author uses historical documentation and sociological methods to carry out a comprehensive study of the "Ding Wu Qi shortage" in Shanxi area, which proves that it is the historical background of "Ding Wu Qi famine". Popular and popular, the popular "walk west mouth" drama, "Ding Wuqi famine" has prompted many Shanxi population to flow to the west mouth area, the modern Inner Mongolia history of an emigration tide. The fifth part of the Xikou area of the place name exploration, the author uses historical geography and geo nameological methods, the name of the village in the Xikou area, the name of the land, the name of the name of the area. It is found that the place names in the Xikou area are more than sixteen sources, and there are many kinds of village names, and there are many kinds of village names. The origin of the place names is not in other provinces and regions, which has great uniqueness. It shows that the village name of Xikou local village is extremely rich and complex. The social phenomenon of "going west" has laid a solid foundation for geographical knowledge, and has accumulated experience and methods for similar studies in the future.
Through the study of the above five aspects, the author has been able to grasp the general social changes in all parts of Xikou, and can better explain the cultural phenomenon of "walking west mouth", and make contributions to local culture, regional culture construction, especially for the construction of cultural areas in Inner Mongolia, the cause of strong cultural areas, and the further resettlement work for the government of our country, especially the solution. The problem of "migrant workers" from urban migrant workers, and the "withdrawal of township and town" by the local governments, and the solution of the problem of population flow, provide a historical reference. At the same time, it also provides a reference for national work and national unity in multi-ethnic areas. Therefore, the historical and practical significance of "walking west mouth" is of great importance.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K249

【引证文献】