晚宋士风研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 07:37

本文选题：晚宋 + 士风　；参考：《四川大学》2002年博士论文

【摘要】： 晚宋士风是宋史研究的薄弱环节。士风是指士人(包括士大夫)的风气。本文所研究的晚宋士风包括隐逸之风、奔竞之风、奢靡之风、政争之风、空谈之风、变节之风、忠义之风等类型，，通过对上述各类风气表现与性质的分析，可以看出士风的主流是败坏。晚宋士风的形成有诸多原因，其中主要有皇帝与朝廷的作用与影响、冗官空前严重、权相专权、士大夫生活的压力、理学的影响、士人道德的沦丧等等，其中最根本的的原因是士大夫道德的沦丧。晚宋主流士风主要对晚宋社会造成严重危害，既使小人得志，正直之士受到压抑，人才稀少，又使台谏失职，加剧了晚宋政治的腐败；既加深了晚宋经济危机，又增加了当时的社会动荡。最为严重的是加速了宋朝的灭亡。而晚宋非主流士风对当时社会的益处主要表现为减少了社会的动荡，延缓了宋朝灭亡的历史进程。晚宋士风既对元代文化有重大影响，又使元代对宋季士风反正而重吏贱儒；既对明末遗民思想有积极的影响，又对明代士人的空谈有消极的作用，还有对明末的忠义爱国思想有表率作用。
[Abstract]:The late Song style is a weak link in the study of Song history. Intellectual style refers to the atmosphere of scholars (including literati and officials). The late Song style studied in this paper includes the style of seclusion, the wind of running for competition, the wind of extravagance, the wind of political contention, the wind of empty talk, the wind of defection, the wind of loyalty and righteousness, etc., through the analysis of the performance and nature of the above kinds of ethos. We can see that the mainstream of Scholars is corrupt. There were many reasons for the formation of the style of the late Song Dynasty, including the role and influence of the emperor and the imperial court, the unprecedented serious redundancy of officials, the monopoly of the power and power, the pressure of the life of the literati and officials, the influence of the Neo-Confucianism, the loss of the morals of the scholars, and so on. The most fundamental reason is the moral decline of literati and officials. The mainstream style of scholars in the late Song Dynasty caused serious harm to the society of the late Song Dynasty. Even though the petty people were motivated, the upright were suppressed and the talented people were scarce, it also made Taiwan remonstrating and dereliction of duty, aggravated the corruption of the late Song Dynasty politics, and deepened the economic crisis of the late Song Dynasty. It added to the social unrest of the time. The most serious was the acceleration of the death of the Song Dynasty. The benefits of non-mainstream scholars in the late Song Dynasty were mainly reflected in reducing the social turbulence and delaying the historical process of the Song Dynasty's demise. The late Song style not only had a great influence on the culture of Yuan Dynasty, but also made the Yuan Dynasty attach great importance to the style of the Song Dynasty and despise Confucianism, which had a positive influence on the thought of the late Ming Dynasty's bereaved people, and also had a negative effect on the empty talk of the scholars in the Ming Dynasty. There is also a role model for the patriotic ideology of loyalty and righteousness in the late Ming Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：四川大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：K245

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