《老子》成书前后文本与思想研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 17:53

本文选题：老子 + 老子思想　；参考：《山东大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： “道家”思想并非创自老子，至少在老子那个时代已经发展到一个相当成熟的阶段，只不过还没有形成系统的文本与独立的派别，而是零散地表现在诸多老前典籍中，并且在那个时代形成一个思潮，这个思潮是促使《老子》成书的学术背景与根本原因。老子通过与友人交游和给弟子讲课比较集中地传播这些“道家”思想，使得他身边的人以老子语录的形式二次传播，形成第一次转变。当这些传播开来的老子精妙语论达到一定规模的时候，就在某些个人手中和局部地区开始付诸文本。这个过程最早也是在《论语》成书之后，，有史可考的当经过文子、列子、尹文子等人之手，并且伴随着地区差异而形成不同的文本与思想，突出体现在郭店楚简《老子》与庄子、荀子所见另一种《老子》的差别之中，这是老子言论形成之后的第二次突变。随着列国兼并，局部地区的统一，各种散乱的《老子》文本也走向集中，在庄子之后，韩非之前通过稷下学派的推动初步具备了五千言的规模，韩非以此作《解老》、《喻老》，两篇中所引《老子》文本在章节的连续性上与今本《老子》相似，但差别尚存，这是《老子》成书的第三次突变。经过汉初统治者的大力推崇，随之黄老学的盛行，完整而固定的《老子》文本亟需出台，帛书《老子》就是那个时代的映照与定点。后来王弼注《老子》也只能依着帛书《老子》的模式，只不过道篇与德篇前后互置而章节细分。这是《老子》成书的主脉，这个过程始终伴随着学习老学者的人为干预。但凭以上所列，其他各些先后人物及《老子》版本都是史上杂物，徒增繁赘。抓住以上线索，百千老子其人其书之疑难皆是迎刃而解。
[Abstract]:The thought of "Taoism" was not originated from Laozi. At least in Laozi's time, it has reached a quite mature stage, but it has not yet formed a systematic text and independent school, but has been piecemeal in many old ancient books. And formed a trend of thought in that era, this trend of thought is the academic background and the root cause of the book. Through making friends with his friends and giving lectures to his disciples, Laozi disseminated these "Taoist" thoughts in a concentrated way, which made the people around him spread them twice in the form of quotations from Laozi, forming the first transformation. When the spread of Laozi's theory of subtle language reached a certain scale, some individuals and parts of the beginning of the text. This process was first completed after the Analects of Confucius was written, and Shi Ke tests were conducted through the hands of Wenzi, Liezi, Yin Wenzi, etc., and accompanied by regional differences, different texts and ideas were formed. It is reflected in the difference between Kuodian Chu slips "Laozi" and Zhuangzi and Xunzi, which is the second mutation after Laozi's speech was formed. With the annexation of countries and the unification of local areas, various scattered texts of "Laozi" have also moved toward centralization. After Chuang Tzu, Han Fei had initially acquired a scale of 5,000 words through the promotion of the Jixia School of thought. Han Fei used this as "decomposing the old" and "Yu Lao", the two texts cited in "Laozi" are similar in the continuity of chapters, but the difference still exists. This is the third mutation of "Laozi" in the book of "Laozi". After the rulers of the early Han Dynasty, with the prevalence of the Huang-Lao learning, the complete and fixed text of Laozi urgently needs to be published. The silk book "Laozi" is the reflection and fixed point of that era. Later, Wang Bi's note Laozi can only be divided according to the pattern of silk book. This is the main thread of Laozi's book, and this process has always been accompanied by the artificial intervention of learning old scholars. But with the above listed, the other successive characters and Laozi version are historical clutter, only increase in complexity. Seize the above clues, hundreds of Lao Tzu his book is a problem is solved.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K225

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