明末清初输入中国的海洋动物知识——以西方耶稣会士的地理学汉文西书为中心

发布时间：2018-06-07 04:30

本文选题：耶稣会士 + 利玛窦　；参考：《安徽大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2014年05期

【摘要】：中国古代缺乏比较自觉的海洋意识,本土文献中有关海洋地理知识的介绍也相对有限。中国传统文献中关于大型海洋动物的记述,多混杂着浓厚的神话传说色彩,或多与占符灵验相比附。明末清初西方耶稣会士的汉文地理学西书《坤舆万国全图》《职方外纪》《坤舆全图》和《坤舆图说》,不仅最早向中国人介绍了欧洲的世界地理学说,包括地心说、地圆说、五大洲观念和五带知识,还介绍了若干地理大发现以来关于海洋动物的新知识,并且将这些海洋动物的新记述与亚里士多德时代的西方传统相勾连,从而为中国人带来了大航海时代以来建立起来的新知识传统。这些地理学汉文西书的编刊,为19世纪中国人重新认识海洋世界提供了重要的知识资源。
[Abstract]:There is a lack of more conscious marine consciousness in ancient China, and the introduction of marine geographic knowledge in the local literature is also relatively limited. In the traditional Chinese literature, the description of large marine animals is mixed with strong myths and legends, or is attached to the western Jesus geographers in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty. It is not only the earliest introduction to the Chinese people of the world geography theory of Europe, including the geocentric theory, the ground circle, the five continents and the five knowledge, and the new knowledge about the marine animals since the great geographical discovery, and the new descriptions of these marine animals and the rash of the marine animals. The Western tradition of the Dodd era was linked to the new knowledge tradition established for the Chinese people since the great sea era. The compilation of these books in the western Chinese geography provided important knowledge resources for the Chinese people to reunderstand the ocean world in the nineteenth Century.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史学系;
【基金】：台湾清华大学人文社会研究中心研究计划“季风亚洲与多元文化”
【分类号】：K248

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