清代绥远城驻防研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 18:01

本文选题：清朝 + 归化城　；参考：《中央民族大学》2009年博士论文

【摘要】： 归化城位于漠南蒙古的中心地带,是中原通往西北的交通要道,战略位置十分重要。清朝初期因对准噶尔用兵的需要,于康熙三十一年设置建威将军驻右卫,三十二年设置安北将军驻归化城。此后根据西北战争形势的紧缓,清政府在归化城地区多次临时驻扎军队,以维护北部边疆的稳定,并于乾隆初年在归化城东北修筑绥远城,移右卫建威将军于此,设置绥远城驻防,以防备准噶尔,控制蒙古。绥远城驻防的设置经历了由临时驻防到永久驻防,由防备喀尔喀到防备准噶尔的转变过程。绥远城驻防设置后,绥远城将军的职权不断地得到扩大,逐步蚕食土默特部的传统权力,扩大驻防将军的职权范围。到清朝后期,绥远城将军不但具有管辖土默特二旗的权力,而且兼有统驭乌兰察布和伊克昭两盟,节制沿边诸道厅的权力,使其从一个单纯的军事驻防演变为一个军民兼管、军政合一、以军为主的行政管理体制,绥远城将军也成为该地区兼及行政与军事的最高军政长官。绥远城驻防作为清朝在漠南蒙古地区设置的重要军事驻防地,对清朝绥服蒙古,维护其在蒙古地区的统治发挥了重要作用。本文在文献资料和已有研究成果的基础上,对绥远城驻防的起因、经过、组织机构、运行机制及驻防将军的职能演变等进行了分析,力图多角度的勾画出绥远城驻防的历史发展轨迹,以期更好地认识清朝对蒙古统治政策演变的历史。本文由绪论、正文和结语组成。绪论介绍论文研究的主要问题、研究现状、研究方法、重难点及史料来源等,并对绥远城驻防制度的界定、绥远城将军的称呼沿革问题进行了阐述。第一章介绍绥远城驻防设置前的漠南蒙古概况、归化城在北疆历史上的地位、皇太极统一漠南蒙古和其对归化城土默特的统治政策等。第二章论述历史上归化城地区战略地位的形成,归化城驻军由临时驻防到永久驻防的历史演变,绥远城修筑的过程等。第三章从政治、经济、宗教、军事等方面阐释绥远城驻防的设置原因。第四章对绥远城驻防的组织机构及职能、驻防官员的管理、驻防官兵的数量及俸饷等进行了论述。第五章主要从政治、经济、军事、文化、交通、商务、垦务等诸多方面对绥远城将军的各项职权进行了全方位的归纳总结。同时关注绥远城驻防将军职能范围不断扩大的历史。结语部分对绥远城驻防进行了简单的评述,对其在历史上所产生的利与弊进行了分析。本文的主要观点是绥远城驻防并不是唐突设立的,而是和清前期对准噶尔用兵过程中的历次临时驻防密切相关,在归化城临时驻防和右卫驻防的基础上,最终实现归化城的永久驻防;而且对绥远城驻防设置的原因也不应简单的进行线性因果分析,它的设立是政治、经济、军事、宗教等各种因素综合作用的结果;对归化城历朝驻兵所防范对象的转变也给予了充分的重视;清朝对土默特部传统权力的剥夺从清入关前就已开始,而在绥远城驻防设置以后呈现异常加速趋势,在不到三十年的时间里,将土默特部权力剥夺殆尽;绥远城驻防将军的职权在其设置初期与后期发生了很大变化,使其从一个单纯的军事驻防将军演变成了绥远城地区主持、监督或控制一切事务的最高军政长官,笔者对这一过程进行了较详细地论述和分析。此外,为了更好地把握绥远城驻防的性质和特点,认清绥远城驻防在不同历史时期的功能和作用,本文还利用了历史学、文献学、地理学、军事学等学科的研究成果对绥远城驻防进行多视角的分析。同时还借鉴统计学的相关研究方法对绥远城驻防将军、归化城都统等进行统计分析,以清楚认识绥远城驻防的相关问题。
[Abstract]:In the central region of Mongolia, the central region of the southern Mongolia was the central area of the southern desert. The strategic position of the Central Plains to the northwest was very important. In the early Qing Dynasty, in the early Qing Dynasty, general Jianwei was set up in the right Wei in thirty-one years because of the needs of the army, and the general was stationed in the city of naturalization in thirty-two years. In order to maintain the stability of the northern frontier and build Suiyuan city in the northeast of the Qianlong city in the early years of Qianlong, general Jianwei Jianwei, set up in Suiyuan city to prevent Junggar and control Mongolia, had experienced the temporary garrison to the permanent garrison, and the prevention of the preparedness of Junggar. After the setting up of Suiyuan city garrison, the general power of Suiyuan city was constantly expanded, gradually erode the traditional power of the tulemite department and expanded the power of the garrison general. In the late Qing Dynasty, the general of Suiyuan city not only had the power to govern the two flags of tulemite, but also controlled the two League of Wulanchabu and Ikko and controlled the border areas. The power of the hall has evolved from a simple military garrison into a military and civilian administration, a military and political integration and an army based administrative management system. General Suiyuan city has also become the highest military and political commander in the region, both administrative and military.
The garrison garrison in Suiyuan City, as an important military garrison in the southern Mongolia area of the Qing Dynasty, played an important role in Suiping Mongolia in the Qing Dynasty and maintaining its rule in the Mongolia area. On the basis of the literature and the existing research results, the reasons, the organization, the operating mechanism and the functions of the garrison general were performed on the basis of the literature and the existing research results. After analyzing, we try to outline the historical development track of Suiyuan city garrison in many angles, in order to better understand the Qing Dynasty's history of the evolution of Mongolia's rule policy.
This article is made up of the introduction, the main body and the conclusion. The introduction introduces the main problems of the research, the research status, the research methods, the heavy difficulties and the historical sources, and the definition of the system of Suiyuan city garrison. The first chapter introduces the general situation of the southern Mongolia before the setting up of the garrison garrison in Suiyuan city and the north of the naturalization city. In the history of Xinjiang, the second chapters discuss the formation of the strategic position of the District of naturalized City, the historical evolution of the garrison garrison from temporary garrison to permanent garrison, the construction process of Suiyuan City, and so on. The third chapter explains the political, economic, religious and military aspects. The fourth chapter discusses the organization and function of the garrison in Suiyuan City, the management of the garrison officers, the number of officers and soldiers and the salaries of the garrison. The fifth chapter mainly summarizes all the powers of the general in Suiyuan city from many aspects, such as political, economic, military, cultural, transportation, business, and reclamation. At the same time, we pay attention to the history of the continuous expansion of the general functions of the garrison garrison in Suiyuan city. The concluding remarks made a brief review of the garrison in Suiyuan City, and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the garrison in the history of the garrison.
The main point of this paper is that the garrison in Suiyuan city is not set up by the Tang Dynasty, but closely related to the temporary garrison in the process of military use in the early Qing Dynasty. On the basis of the temporary Garrison and the right garrison in the naturalized City, the permanent garrison of the naturalized City is finally realized; and the reasons for the setting up of Suiyuan city should not be simply carried out. It was established as a result of the comprehensive effects of various factors, such as political, economic, military, and religion. It also gave full attention to the transformation of the objects to guard against the garrison in the domestication City, and the deprivation of the traditional power in the Qing Dynasty had begun before the clearance of the Qing Dynasty, and it showed an abnormal acceleration after the set-up in Suiyuan city. In less than thirty years, the power of the Ministry was deprived of its power; the power of the garrison general in Suiyuan city changed greatly in its early and late stages, making it the supreme commander of the military general of a simple military garrison who evolved into the region of Suiyuan city to supervise and control all affairs. In addition, in order to better grasp the nature and characteristics of Suiyuan city garrison and recognize the function and function of Suiyuan city garrison in different historical periods, this paper also makes use of the research results of history, philology, geography, military science and other disciplines to analyze the garrison in Suiyuan city. At the same time, it also draws on statistics. The relevant research methods are statistically analyzed for Suiyuan city garrison general, Guihua city Du Tong and so on, so as to clearly understand the related problems of Suiyuan city garrison.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K249

【引证文献】