元明纺织用语研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 01:13

本文选题：元明 + 纺织用语　；参考：《西南大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本论文对元明时期几本农书的纺织用语进行归纳分类,具体分为纺织原料用语、纺织技术用语、纺织机具用语、织物名称用语、纺织图案用语、修饰丝织物的形容词等,并根据丝织、棉织、麻织、毛织四个大类对以上纺织用语进行描述与考释。通过这些梳理,对古书注释或《汉语大字典》进行修改与补正。比如《农政全书校注·卷三十三》P937注六五认为“寅”相当于“腰”,实际上应当是“印”字。“缫丝”,《汉语大字典》认为是在沸水里进行,其实沸水和温水都可以,且温水缫的丝更白亮。“幹”,《汉语大字典》解释为缫丝车,实际应为缫轮。通过对纺织用语的考察,概述了元明时期纺织业所达到的规模以及工艺水平。也发现了元明时期的纺织业的一些喜人的成就和独特的创造。如:纺织原料逐步增多,适用的得到了推广;纺织品种也越来越多,并追求更高的质量;对木棉品种有了一定认识;毛织品及毛织技术也得到引进;工具也由简单到复杂,还演化出具有原始的工作机构和传动机构的手工机械等。对部分纺织用语进行了考源,找出了它们的同源字。如:丝和细同源,锦和金、绒和茸、褐和葛同源等,通过对十九个纺织品名的考源,我们总结出一些规律,通过外部特征来命名纺织品名的占总数的63.2%,说明人们对事物的外部特征最为敏感,这也印证了李海霞先生《汉语动物命名研究》中的观点。在外部特征中,通过质地特征来命名纺织品的有7个,占总数的58.3%,是最多的一个命名缘由。看来古人主要是通过质地特征对纺织品进行区别。因为作为织品,最重要的要数它的质地了。薄、厚、粗、细等成为古人认识织品的先决条件。大多数毛织物是音译词。看来,中国古代毛织技术不太发达。相反,西域、蒙古地区的毛织品众多,毛织技术发达。
[Abstract]:This paper summarizes and classifies the textile terms of several agricultural books in the Yuan and Ming dynasties, including the terms of textile raw materials, textile technology, textile machinery, textile names, textile patterns, adjectives that modify silk fabrics, etc. According to the four categories of silk, cotton, hemp and woolen weaving, the above textile terms are described and interpreted. Through these combing, to the ancient book annotation or the Chinese big dictionary carries on the revision and the revision. For example, the school note 33 P937 holds that "Yin" is equivalent to "waist", but it should actually be "printed". Silk reeling, the Chinese Dictionary, is thought to be carried out in boiling water. In fact, boiling water and warm water can be used, and the silk reeled with warm water is brighter. "cadres", "Chinese Dictionary" is interpreted as silk reeling wheel, which should actually be reeling wheel. Through the investigation of textile terms, the scale and technological level of textile industry in Yuan and Ming dynasties are summarized. Also discovered the Yuan and Ming Dynasty textile industry some gratifying achievements and unique creation. For example, textile raw materials have been gradually increased, and suitable ones have been popularized; textile varieties have become more and more numerous and have sought higher quality; kapok varieties have gained some understanding; woolen fabrics and woolen weaving techniques have also been introduced; tools have also changed from simplicity to complexity. The manual machinery with primitive working mechanism and transmission mechanism was also developed. The origin of some textile terms was tested and their homologous words were found out. For example, silk and fine homology, brocade and gold, velvet and antler, brown and puerarin, etc., through the examination of 19 textile names, we summed up some laws. The fact that people are most sensitive to the external characteristics of things by using external features to name textile names accounts for 63.2% of the total, which confirms the viewpoint of Mr. Li Haixia in the study of Chinese Animal Nomenclature. Among the external features, 7 textiles are named by texture, accounting for 58.3% of the total, which is the most important naming reason. It seems that the ancients mainly through texture characteristics to distinguish textiles. Because as a fabric, the most important thing is its texture. Thin, thick, thin and so on are prerequisites for the ancients to recognize fabrics. Most woolen fabrics are transliterated words. It'seems that ancient Chinese woolen weaving technology is not very developed. On the contrary, the Western region, Mongolia has a large number of woolen fabrics, wool weaving technology developed.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K248;K247;H131

【参考文献】