明代士人复姓现象及其文化意涵

发布时间：2018-06-22 01:36

本文选题：明代 + 士人　；参考：《历史研究》2014年06期

【摘要】：自明初始,明廷即允许因过继、乞养、入赘等方式而改从他姓者恢复本姓(复姓)。明代复姓采取身份差别原则:一般平民可自行复姓;士人阶层则较为复杂。因其序列结构存在着生员、科举功名获得者(举人、进士)和官员(在任、致仕家居者)的身份差异,其人事档案分存于学宫、礼部和吏部,因此其复姓需"请于官",分别由地方有司、礼部和吏部经办。士人阶层因其读书、应试和入仕等经历,对孝道和祖姓的体认较诸一般人更为自觉和强烈。从历史的长时段看,士人复姓现象在明代繁盛且典型。在传统社会,复姓不只是厘清个体族姓的源流和归属,同时也具有倡行孝道的文化建设功用。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the Ming court allowed the restoration of his family name from his surname. In Ming Dynasty, the principle of identity difference was adopted: ordinary people could take their own surname, and the literati class was more complicated. Because of the differences in the identity of the members of the family, the winners of the imperial examination and the officials (who are in office and present at home), their personnel files are stored in the School Palace, the Ministry of Rites and the Department of official Affairs. Therefore, its surname needs to be "please in the official", respectively by the local department, the Ministry of Rites and the Department of officials. Because of their experience of reading, examination-oriented and official service, the scholars recognized filial piety and ancestral surname more consciously and strongly than most people. Looking from the long time of history, the phenomenon of scholars' complex surnames flourished and typical in the Ming Dynasty. In traditional society, compound surname not only clarifies the origin and attribution of individual surname, but also has the function of promoting filial piety.
【作者单位】：河南大学中国古代史研究中心;《史学月刊》编辑部;河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心、黄河文明传承与现代文明建设河南省协同创新中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“明代科举配额制度与区域人才关系研究”(项目号11YJA770047) 国家哲学社会科学规划项目“明清中原士绅与地方社会关系研究”(项目号11BZS033)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K248

【参考文献】