试论宋蒙（元）战争中的南宋降将

发布时间：2018-07-13 11:44

【摘要】： 在战争时期，军人具有举足轻重的作用。降将则是他们当中的特殊群体，他们的行为背离了军人的职责，改变了战争的秩序。在宋蒙(元)战争中，随着战争的发展，南宋军队有相当一部分将领投降了蒙古军队。南宋将领基于求生本能、追逐权势、保护百姓生命安全等动机，做出了投降的选择。大规模的投降行为背后有着极其深刻的政治背景与社会根源，南宋王朝的政权危机，传统的重文轻武的国策，军队中的痼疾等一系列问题，是影响南宋将领行为的内部因素；蒙军战争作风的转变，蒙军军事力量日益增进，蒙军招降由手段到策略的转变，是影响南宋将领趋向的外部因素。在元廷笼络与防范相结合的方式统御下，降将在此后的对宋战争中，，参与战略决策，投入作战，从事招降活动。降将的个人行为影响了双方力量对比，改变了战争格局和推动了战争发展。降将对自己的行为进行了辩解，但是他们的背叛失节行为受到了人们的批判与唾弃。
[Abstract]:During the war, soldiers played an important role. Surrender is a special group among them, whose actions deviate from military duties and change the order of war. In the Song-Meng (Yuan) War, with the development of the war, some generals of the Southern Song Dynasty surrendered to the Mongolian army. The Southern Song generals made the choice of surrender on the basis of survival instinct, pursuit of power, protection of people's lives and other motives. A series of problems such as the political background and social root behind the large-scale surrender, the political crisis of the Southern Song Dynasty, the traditional national policy of attaching importance to literature and less weapons, and the chronic diseases in the army are the internal factors that affect the behavior of generals in the Southern Song Dynasty. With the change of the style of war, the increasing military strength of the Mongolian army, the change from the means to the strategy is the external factor that affects the trend of the generals in the Southern Song Dynasty. Under the control of the combination of Yuanting and prevention, Rebellion took part in the strategic decision, engaged in combat, and engaged in the activities of recruitment and surrender in the Song War since then. The personal behavior of surrender affected the balance of forces, changed the pattern of war and promoted the development of war. Rebellion justified his actions, but their betrayal was criticized and spurned.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K245

【共引文献】