5-6世纪北边六镇豪强酋帅社会地位演变研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 21:52

【摘要】：北魏后期，六镇豪强酋帅基本上是北魏前期由各地迁到六镇的军镇官员、中下层代人、鲜卑等胡族部落酋长、汉族豪强的子孙后代。在六镇豪强酋帅群体内部，彼此之间在政治地位上有着悬殊的差距。从其群体父祖三代的官爵、各自家族的婚姻、经济状况三方面看，六镇豪强酋帅仅是世代居住在北边六镇的地方豪强酋帅。鲜卑化既是北魏后期六镇豪强酋帅的地域性特征，又是其群体社会地位始终处于北边地方豪强酋帅之上，，无法成为门阀士族的重要原因。在六镇暴动到北魏分裂这一时期，从六镇豪强酋帅的任官和授爵情况看，其群体依靠自身的军事政治势力，由地方豪强酋帅转变为拥有较高社会地位和军政权力的武官和将领。东魏建立后，怀朔镇豪强酋帅由北魏末年的军队将领，转变为东魏及日后北齐的统治阶层。除高欢家族成为东魏北齐的最高统治者外，其他人则成为东魏北齐统治集团中地位仅次于高氏宗室，享有政治、经济特权，但不具备士族特质的勋贵阶层。在西魏北周，出身武川镇的将领，除宇文泰家族成为西魏北周的最高统治者外，其他则成为西魏北周统治集团中的勋贵阶层。随着关陇河南河东土豪、关东胡汉士族豪强在西魏北周统治集团中的地位不断上升，武川镇勋贵在西魏国家权力结构中的地位则呈不断下降的趋势。虽然如此，武川镇勋贵仍是在政治上拥有高官显爵，在经济上占有大量土地、奴隶的特权阶层。5-6世纪六镇豪强酋帅社会地位的剧烈提升，对北魏末年、东魏北齐、西魏北周政局产生了重要影响。
[Abstract]:In the late Northern Wei Dynasty, the Chiefs of the six towns were basically the military officials, the middle and lower generation, the chiefs of the Hu tribe and the descendants of the Han people who moved to the six towns in the early period of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Within the six towns, there is a wide gap between the political status of each other. From the three generations of their parents and ancestors, the marriage and economic status of their families, the Chiefs of the six towns are only the local leaders who have lived in the six towns in the north for generations. Xianbei is not only the regional feature of the Chieftain of the six towns in the late Northern Wei Dynasty, but also the social status of its group, which is always above the Chiefa in the north, and can not become an important reason for the clan of the family. During the period from the riots of six towns to the division of the Northern Wei Dynasty, from the situation of the leaders of the six towns as officials and knights, their groups, depending on their own military and political forces, changed from local leaders to military appointees and generals with higher social status and military and political power. After the establishment of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Huishuo was transformed from the army general of the late Northern Wei Dynasty to the ruling class of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the later Northern Qi Dynasty. Except that the Gaohuan family became the supreme ruler of the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasty, others became the aristocratic class in the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi ruling group, second only to the Gao clan, enjoying political and economic privileges, but not having the characteristics of the aristocrats. In the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the generals born in Wuchuan Town, except the Yu Wentai family became the supreme ruler of the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty, became the Xiangui class in the Western Wei and the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Along with Guanlong he Dong Tuhao, Guandong Hu Han Shi Haoqiang's position in the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasty ruling group is rising, and the status of Wuchuan Town Xianxun in the Western Wei Dynasty state power structure is declining. Nevertheless, the town of Wuchuan still had a high ranking official in politics, occupied a large amount of land economically, and the privileged class of slaves, the six towns of the sixth century, had a dramatic rise in social status. In the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi dynasties, The political situation of the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty had an important influence.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K239.2

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