藏边歇家研究

发布时间：2018-08-04 17:57

【摘要】：藏边歇家作为明清以来中国歇家群体中具有浓郁地域特色的歇家成分,兴起于明代日益扩大的族群贸易,兴盛于清代,余绪延及1950年代。以地域而言,藏边歇家可分为边内歇家与边外歇家。边内歇家因其赢利手段与营业内容可分为商歇家与粮歇家两种类型,在清朝的立法实践中,粮歇家为官歇家;商歇家则因报官与否,呈现出官歇家与私歇家的分野。边外歇家因受地域文化的影响,在安多藏区者称为"主人家",在康藏者称"锅庄"。藏边歇家因起始营业范围及受政府管制、地域文化影响等不同,具有迥然不同的发展方向与历史命运。尽管如此,各藏边歇家借助于特殊的语言媒介机制,在藏边贸易、社会治理等方面均发挥着积极的推动作用,促进了藏边族际的互动与交流。类型各异,层次分明的藏边歇家,对于蠡测中国歇家的组织形式演变,具有重要的历史人类学意义。
[Abstract]:Tibetan Bian Xie Jia, as a strong regional characteristic in the Xijiao group of China since the Ming and Qing dynasties, rose from the expanding ethnic trade in the Ming Dynasty, flourished in the Qing Dynasty, and extended to the 1950s. As far as region is concerned, the Tibetan side family can be divided into the side-side home and the side-outside home. Because of its profit means and business content, the Bian Neexijia can be divided into two types: Shang Xie and Liang Xie. In the legislative practice of the Qing Dynasty, the family was the official family, and the Shang Xie family was divided into the official family and the private family because of reporting to the official or not. Due to the influence of regional culture, the Bian Wai Xie family is called "master house" in Ando Tibetan area and "Guozhuang" in Kang Tibet area. Due to the different business scope, government regulation and the influence of regional culture, the Tibetan Bian Xiejia family has different development direction and historical fate. However, with the help of the special language media mechanism, each Tibetan border family plays an active role in promoting the trade and social governance of the Tibetan border, thus promoting the interaction and communication between the ethnic groups of the Tibetan border. Different types and distinct layers of Tibetan border Xiesjia have important historical anthropological significance for the evolution of the organizational form of Xiejia in China.
【作者单位】：兰州大学历史文化学院;
【分类号】：K248

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