旱域水潦:明清黄土高原的城市水患与拒水之策——基于山西10座典型城市的考察

发布时间：2018-08-13 20:30

【摘要】：明清时期山西10座城市——夏县、灵石、临县、兴县、保德、河曲、太原(府)、介休、洪洞、闻喜——的水患问题均甚为严重,不容乐观的城市下垫面条件——城区一带的地形、河流沟峪、湖池——是导致水患发生的决定性因素。官府的拒水之策均围绕改善城市的下垫面条件而展开,御患手段已经十分成熟,具体措施包括筑堤堰、辟水门、掘水道、挑引河、浚城濠、凿(扩)涝池等。围绕水患防治,州县官、僚属、士绅、民众多方构建起紧密的"关系网络"。关注"水利"的同时,对"水害"给予足够的重视,是构建黄土高原"整体的"水环境史或社会史的必经之途。
[Abstract]:During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the flood problems of 10 cities in Shanxi-Xia County, Lingshi, Linxian, Xing County, Baode, Hequ, Taiyuan, Jiexiu, Hongdong and Wenxi-were very serious. The condition of the underlying surface of the city-the topography of the urban area, the river gully valley and the lake pool-are the decisive factors leading to the occurrence of the flood. The government's water-repellent policy is developed around improving the condition of the city's underlying surface, and the means of imperial infestation are already very mature. The concrete measures include the construction of dike, the opening of water gates, the excavation of watercourses, the selection of rivers, the dredging of cities and the excavation of waterlogging ponds and so on. Around flood prevention, state and county officials, staff, gentry, the public to build a close "relationship network." Paying attention to "water conservancy" at the same time, paying enough attention to "water disaster" is the necessary way to construct the "whole" water environment history or social history of the Loess Plateau.
【作者单位】：山西大学中国社会史研究中心;
【基金】：2012年度国家社会科学基金项目“环境史视野下华北区的洪水灾害与城市水环境研究(1368-1949)”(批准号:12CZS073) 中国博士后科学基金第五批特别资助项目(批准号:2012T50245) 第49批中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(批准号:20110491628)阶段性成果
【分类号】：X43;K248

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