唐代民族关系中的质子制度研究
发布时间：2018-08-15 14:54
【摘要】： 质子是中国古代一种特殊的人质,它往往以王孙公子或重要将领作为抵押品,以此获取对方信任而达到某种政治目的。质子出现在边疆诸族与内地政权的交往中始于战国时期,纳质活动在历经汉魏六朝、隋唐的长期发展之后,已然形成为一种制度。唐代是质子制度发展得较为完善和颇具代表性的一个历史时期,但是到目前为止,学术界还没有对这一时期的质子制度进行全面、系统研究的论著。本文拟在前辈学者相关研究基础上,运用传统历史学及其他相关学科的方法对唐代民族关系中的质子制度的表现、特点、作用等方面进行论述。 全文共分三部分 第一部分,唐代民族关系中的纳质情况。按照纳质诸族所在地区的不同,分别概述它们与唐朝的往来活动,介绍诸族纳质的历史背景。指出唐代纳质活动早在高祖年间就已出现,但太宗、玄宗时期最多。同时根据质子所属国、族和身份、入唐时间、在唐职位等方面进行分类论述,全面总结唐代边疆诸族的纳质活动,并指出唐代质子多种称谓和留唐期限的长短。 第二部分,唐代质子制度的发展和表现。质子制度的初步形成始于两汉,它在历经汉魏六朝和隋唐的发展之后逐步得以完善,本文在简述汉魏六朝质子制度在的发展概况的基础上,进一步总结质子制度在唐代的表现,即唐代质子有等次之分,这决定其在华待遇的高低;唐朝在对四夷质子的管理方面既有明确的礼仪制度也有相应的执行和监督机构,质子在唐的一切活动都有章可循;质子在唐朝有专门的中央和地方机构为其提供食宿,有些质子在唐还有自己的宅邸。 第三部分,唐代质子制度的特点及作用。与前朝相比,唐代质子制度有四个特点:纳质诸族、国几乎涉及唐代整个边疆地区;四夷纳质在唐代大多演变成主动性活动;质子在唐多担任武职,极少数担任外交使节;质子制度与宿卫制度相交织。在此基础上,本文进一步指出纳质对发展民族关系,巩固边疆,加强内地与边疆经济、文化往来等方面的积极影响,同时也指出其中一些负面作用。 总之,唐代边疆诸族、国向内地政权的遣质活动,有利于巩固边疆、发展民族关系、促进内地与边疆经济、文化交流。许多流寓长安的四夷质子都为外来文明的传播和中外文化交流出了积极的贡献。尽管遣质活动为双方也带来一定的负面作用,但“质子”对于双方发展民族关系和文化交流方面所起的重要作用是值得肯定的。
[Abstract]:Proton is a special kind of hostage in ancient China. It often takes Wang Sun's son or important general as collateral to gain the trust of the other party and achieve a certain political purpose. Proton appeared in the communication between the borderland ethnic groups and the inland regime in the warring States period. After the development of Han Wei and six dynasties Sui and Tang dynasties it has formed a system. The Tang Dynasty was a relatively perfect and representative historical period of proton system development, but up to now, the academic circles have not carried on the comprehensive and systematic research on the proton system in this period. On the basis of the previous scholars' relevant research, this paper discusses the proton system in the Tang Dynasty by using the methods of traditional history and other relevant disciplines, such as the performance, characteristics and functions of the proton system in the Tang Dynasty. The paper is divided into three parts: the first part, the Tang Dynasty ethnic relations in the quality of the situation. According to the different regions of the Naxi ethnic groups, this paper summarizes their contacts with the Tang Dynasty and introduces their historical background. It is pointed out that the activity of nature-quality in Tang Dynasty appeared as early as the reign of Gao Zu, but the period of Taizong and Xuanzong was the most. At the same time, according to the country, nationality and identity of proton, the time of entering the Tang Dynasty, the position of Tang Dynasty and so on, this paper summarizes the activities of the Tang Dynasty borderland nationalities, and points out the various titles of proton in the Tang Dynasty and the length of the period of staying in the Tang Dynasty. The second part, the development and performance of proton system in Tang Dynasty. The proton system was initially formed in the Han Dynasty, which was gradually perfected after the development of the Han, Wei, and the Sui and Tang dynasties. Based on a brief description of the development of the proton system in the Han, Wei and six dynasties, this paper further summarizes the performance of the proton system in the Tang Dynasty. That is, the protons of the Tang Dynasty have the second place, which determines their treatment in China; the Tang Dynasty has both a clear etiquette system and corresponding execution and supervision institutions in the management of the four Yi protons, and all the activities of the protons in the Tang Dynasty can be governed by the rules. Protons in the Tang Dynasty had special central and local institutions to provide them with food and accommodation, some protons had their own residence in the Tang Dynasty. The third part, the characteristics and function of proton system in Tang Dynasty. Compared with the previous dynasties, the proton system of the Tang Dynasty has four characteristics: the Na-Quang clan, the country almost involved in the whole frontier area of the Tang Dynasty, the Si-Yin-na-quality mostly evolved into the initiative activity in the Tang Dynasty, the proton held the military post in the Tang Dynasty, the very few served as the diplomatic envoy; The proton system is intertwined with the residential system. On this basis, this paper further points out the positive influence of natures on the development of national relations, the consolidation of border areas, the strengthening of economic and cultural exchanges between the interior and the frontier areas, and also points out some negative effects. In a word, the activities of the nationalities in the border areas of the Tang Dynasty and the state to the inland regime are conducive to consolidating the border areas, developing the national relations, and promoting the economic and cultural exchanges between the interior and the frontier areas. Many of the four protons in Changan have made positive contributions to the spread of foreign civilization and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. Although these activities have brought some negative effects to both sides, the "proton" has played an important role in the development of national relations and cultural exchanges between the two sides.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K242
本文编号：2184549
[Abstract]:Proton is a special kind of hostage in ancient China. It often takes Wang Sun's son or important general as collateral to gain the trust of the other party and achieve a certain political purpose. Proton appeared in the communication between the borderland ethnic groups and the inland regime in the warring States period. After the development of Han Wei and six dynasties Sui and Tang dynasties it has formed a system. The Tang Dynasty was a relatively perfect and representative historical period of proton system development, but up to now, the academic circles have not carried on the comprehensive and systematic research on the proton system in this period. On the basis of the previous scholars' relevant research, this paper discusses the proton system in the Tang Dynasty by using the methods of traditional history and other relevant disciplines, such as the performance, characteristics and functions of the proton system in the Tang Dynasty. The paper is divided into three parts: the first part, the Tang Dynasty ethnic relations in the quality of the situation. According to the different regions of the Naxi ethnic groups, this paper summarizes their contacts with the Tang Dynasty and introduces their historical background. It is pointed out that the activity of nature-quality in Tang Dynasty appeared as early as the reign of Gao Zu, but the period of Taizong and Xuanzong was the most. At the same time, according to the country, nationality and identity of proton, the time of entering the Tang Dynasty, the position of Tang Dynasty and so on, this paper summarizes the activities of the Tang Dynasty borderland nationalities, and points out the various titles of proton in the Tang Dynasty and the length of the period of staying in the Tang Dynasty. The second part, the development and performance of proton system in Tang Dynasty. The proton system was initially formed in the Han Dynasty, which was gradually perfected after the development of the Han, Wei, and the Sui and Tang dynasties. Based on a brief description of the development of the proton system in the Han, Wei and six dynasties, this paper further summarizes the performance of the proton system in the Tang Dynasty. That is, the protons of the Tang Dynasty have the second place, which determines their treatment in China; the Tang Dynasty has both a clear etiquette system and corresponding execution and supervision institutions in the management of the four Yi protons, and all the activities of the protons in the Tang Dynasty can be governed by the rules. Protons in the Tang Dynasty had special central and local institutions to provide them with food and accommodation, some protons had their own residence in the Tang Dynasty. The third part, the characteristics and function of proton system in Tang Dynasty. Compared with the previous dynasties, the proton system of the Tang Dynasty has four characteristics: the Na-Quang clan, the country almost involved in the whole frontier area of the Tang Dynasty, the Si-Yin-na-quality mostly evolved into the initiative activity in the Tang Dynasty, the proton held the military post in the Tang Dynasty, the very few served as the diplomatic envoy; The proton system is intertwined with the residential system. On this basis, this paper further points out the positive influence of natures on the development of national relations, the consolidation of border areas, the strengthening of economic and cultural exchanges between the interior and the frontier areas, and also points out some negative effects. In a word, the activities of the nationalities in the border areas of the Tang Dynasty and the state to the inland regime are conducive to consolidating the border areas, developing the national relations, and promoting the economic and cultural exchanges between the interior and the frontier areas. Many of the four protons in Changan have made positive contributions to the spread of foreign civilization and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. Although these activities have brought some negative effects to both sides, the "proton" has played an important role in the development of national relations and cultural exchanges between the two sides.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K242
【相似文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 陈金生;中国古代民族关系中的质子研究[D];兰州大学;2008年
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 成琳;唐代民族关系中的质子制度研究[D];陕西师范大学;2008年
2 张胡玲;两汉质子制度述论[D];西北大学;2009年
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