北魏俸禄制的班行及其背景
发布时间：2018-08-22 19:16
【摘要】：与秦汉魏晋南朝不同,北魏开国近百年间百官无禄,吏治腐败与此关系颇大。在参考《周礼》和两汉魏晋有关制度的基础上,北魏孝文帝太和八年(484年)六月下诏班禄,并规定"罢诸商人"、增收户调及严惩赃罪。班禄诏显示,北魏地方政府与商人关系密切,地方官府中大概存在着类似隋朝公廨田的田产,其收获物需通过商业贸易或发放高利贷而牟利。约在俸禄制班行前十年左右,实行俸禄制的建议已被提出且有零星官"禄"的记载,表明俸禄制是在总结之前相关经验的基础上加以定型和成熟化的产物。俸禄制实施的前提是政府财政收入的增加,班禄诏及一年多之后颁布的新税制,户调均有不同程度的提高,民众的负担在短期内无疑会有所加重。针对废止俸禄制的提议,中书监高闾从历史、现实和理论结合的角度系统阐述了实施俸禄制的必要性及其政治作用,认为俸禄制实施后官吏的贪赃枉法行为将受到遏制,民众的实际负担则会减轻,有利于更好地加强统治。
[Abstract]:Different from the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern dynasties, the Northern Wei Dynasty was founded in the last hundred years, and the corruption of officials had a great relationship with it. On the basis of referring to Zhou Li and relevant systems of Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin dynasties, Northern Wei Xiaowen Emperor Taihe ordered ban Lu in June of eight years (484), and stipulated that "strike all merchants" and increase the number of households to transfer and severely punish the crime of stolen goods. Ban Luzhao showed that the local government of the Northern Wei Dynasty was closely related to the merchants, and there were probably fields similar to the mixed Court of the Sui Dynasty in the local government, whose harvest was to be profited by commercial trade or loan usury. About ten years before the salary system was carried out, the suggestion of implementing the salary system has been put forward and there are scattered records of "salary", which indicates that the salary system is the product of shaping and maturing on the basis of summing up the relevant experience before. The premise of the implementation of the salary system is the increase of government revenue, the new tax system promulgated by Banlu and the new tax system issued more than a year later, the household transfer has been raised to varying degrees, and the burden on the public will undoubtedly increase in the short term. In view of the proposal to abolish the salary system, the author systematically expounds the necessity and the political function of implementing the salary system from the angle of history, reality and theory, and thinks that the corrupt and perversive behavior of the officials will be restrained after the implementation of the salary system. The people's actual burden will be reduced, conducive to better strengthen the rule.
【作者单位】： 首都师范大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K239.21
本文编号：2198051
[Abstract]:Different from the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern dynasties, the Northern Wei Dynasty was founded in the last hundred years, and the corruption of officials had a great relationship with it. On the basis of referring to Zhou Li and relevant systems of Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin dynasties, Northern Wei Xiaowen Emperor Taihe ordered ban Lu in June of eight years (484), and stipulated that "strike all merchants" and increase the number of households to transfer and severely punish the crime of stolen goods. Ban Luzhao showed that the local government of the Northern Wei Dynasty was closely related to the merchants, and there were probably fields similar to the mixed Court of the Sui Dynasty in the local government, whose harvest was to be profited by commercial trade or loan usury. About ten years before the salary system was carried out, the suggestion of implementing the salary system has been put forward and there are scattered records of "salary", which indicates that the salary system is the product of shaping and maturing on the basis of summing up the relevant experience before. The premise of the implementation of the salary system is the increase of government revenue, the new tax system promulgated by Banlu and the new tax system issued more than a year later, the household transfer has been raised to varying degrees, and the burden on the public will undoubtedly increase in the short term. In view of the proposal to abolish the salary system, the author systematically expounds the necessity and the political function of implementing the salary system from the angle of history, reality and theory, and thinks that the corrupt and perversive behavior of the officials will be restrained after the implementation of the salary system. The people's actual burden will be reduced, conducive to better strengthen the rule.
【作者单位】： 首都师范大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K239.21
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