论战国土地私有制——对20世纪80年代以来战国授田制观点的质疑
发布时间：2018-10-12 13:07
【摘要】：战国农户土地的最初来源有"分田"和"授田"两条途径。"分田"就是取消井田内部"公田"和"私田"的界限,将土地分配给各个家庭,这是战国农户土地最初来源的主要途径。"授田"是国家将手里控制的土地授予特定人群和外来人口。"授田"来源于国有土地,但授予后即归被授予者所有,与"分田"都属于私有土地。"赐田"是永业,可以传之子孙。战国时期,由转让和买卖所导致的土地兼并已有一定程度的发展。睡虎地秦简《封诊式·封守》所载内容是案件处理参照的文书格式,并非真实的案例,不能证明土地的国有性质。战国土地可以继承、转让和买卖的事实说明,战国土地所有制的基本形式是土地私有制,而不是土地国有制。战国时期,国家对于农业生产干预较多,是统治者重视"耕战"的体现,与土地所有权无关。
[Abstract]:The original sources of peasant land in the warring States period were divided farmland and farmland grant. " Division of farmland "is to abolish the boundary between" public field "and" private field "within the mine field and to distribute land to each family, which is the main way of the original origin of land for peasant households in the warring States period." The granting of farmland is the granting of land under the control of the state to specific groups of people and foreign populations. The granting of farmland "originates from state-owned land, but after granting it is owned by the grantee, and the division of land belongs to private land." To give land "is a permanent inheritance that can be passed on to children and grandchildren." During the warring States period, the land annexation caused by the transfer and sale has developed to a certain extent. The contents contained in Siehudi Qin Bamboo slips "sealing and guarding" are the form of documents referring to the handling of cases, which are not true cases and cannot prove the state-owned nature of the land. The fact that land can be inherited, transferred and sold during the warring States period shows that the basic form of land ownership in the warring States period is land private ownership, not land state ownership. During the warring States period, the state intervened more in agricultural production, which was the embodiment of rulers' attaching importance to "farming war" and had nothing to do with land ownership.
【作者单位】： 南京师范大学社会发展学院;
【基金】：江苏省社会科学基金项目“出土简牍与战国秦汉土地制度研究”(项目批准号:11LSB003)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F301.1;K231
[Abstract]:The original sources of peasant land in the warring States period were divided farmland and farmland grant. " Division of farmland "is to abolish the boundary between" public field "and" private field "within the mine field and to distribute land to each family, which is the main way of the original origin of land for peasant households in the warring States period." The granting of farmland is the granting of land under the control of the state to specific groups of people and foreign populations. The granting of farmland "originates from state-owned land, but after granting it is owned by the grantee, and the division of land belongs to private land." To give land "is a permanent inheritance that can be passed on to children and grandchildren." During the warring States period, the land annexation caused by the transfer and sale has developed to a certain extent. The contents contained in Siehudi Qin Bamboo slips "sealing and guarding" are the form of documents referring to the handling of cases, which are not true cases and cannot prove the state-owned nature of the land. The fact that land can be inherited, transferred and sold during the warring States period shows that the basic form of land ownership in the warring States period is land private ownership, not land state ownership. During the warring States period, the state intervened more in agricultural production, which was the embodiment of rulers' attaching importance to "farming war" and had nothing to do with land ownership.
【作者单位】： 南京师范大学社会发展学院;
【基金】：江苏省社会科学基金项目“出土简牍与战国秦汉土地制度研究”(项目批准号:11LSB003)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F301.1;K231
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