清代治理回疆政策研究
发布时间：2018-10-17 07:37
【摘要】： 本文在详细占有资料的基础上,充分借鉴、吸收学术界的相关研究成果,结合民族学的社会实地调查资料及政治学的政策分析法,系统论述了清朝在回疆地区政治、经济、军事、宗教、文化等政策措施的渊源、背景、内容、特色、功能、演变、结果、得失及其影响；如政策制定的过程及其理念,不同时期政策调整的原因及其意义,朝廷和地方官员对回疆事件的决策、观点及其影响,政策实施过程中的失误及其后果等等；动静并重,正反兼顾,力图全面、客观地把握有清-代治理回疆政策的整体脉络,真实地反映其发展演变历程,并给予客观的评价。 全文共包括导论及八章内容。其中导论部分主要介绍了本课题的选题缘由、研究范围、研究方法、研究资料以及学术界对清代回疆治理政策的基本研究状况。第一章论述了清朝统一新疆前对回疆地区的经营；这一时期,由于历史原因,清朝与回疆地区的接触较少,清朝的治理政策主要通过建立互动关系并以控制哈密、争夺吐鲁番的形式实现。第二章、第三章论述了新疆统一至新疆建省时期清朝的回疆治理政策；乾隆二十四年(1759年),清政府平定大小和卓叛乱,于回疆地区建立起稳固的统治之后,开始在回疆建立一系列规章制度,实现全面治理；同治三年(1864年),回疆地区爆发农民起义,清朝在当地的统治被冲垮,中亚浩罕国军官阿古柏窃据回疆部分地区十三年；直到光绪十年(1884年),清政府收复新疆,设置行省；这一期间,回疆整体上处在军府制度统治之下,清朝的在这一地区的政策具有浓厚的民族性及地域色彩。第四章论述了新疆建省后清朝回疆的新治理政策；光绪十年(1884年)新疆建省,并逐步开始内地化,清朝回疆治理政策也进行了重大调整,推行郡县制度,实施新政；此时,清朝政府在回疆实施的各项政策开始与全国保持一致,并逐步与国际接轨,这加速了新疆的近代化进程。第五至第八章以专题形式分别论述了清政府在回疆地区的边防、经济、教育、宗教政策,探讨了各项政策实施的背景、过程及其特点和得失,以期从中吸取教训,获得有益启示。
[Abstract]:On the basis of the detailed possession of the data, drawing on the relevant research results of the academic circles, combining with the social field investigation data of ethnology and the policy analysis of political science, this paper systematically discusses the politics and economy of the Qing Dynasty in the area of returning to Xinjiang. The origin, background, content, characteristic, function, evolution, result, gain and loss and its influence of military, religious, cultural and other policy measures, such as the process and concept of policy making, the reasons and significance of policy adjustment in different periods, The court and local officials have made decisions, views and their influence on the issue of returning to Xinjiang, errors in the implementation of the policy and its consequences, and so on; they have paid equal attention to both movement and movement, giving consideration to both positive and negative aspects, in an effort to comprehensively and objectively grasp the overall context of the policy of governing the return of Xinjiang from the Qing Dynasty to the end. It truly reflects its development and evolution, and gives an objective evaluation. The full text includes an introduction and eight chapters. The introduction part mainly introduces the reason, research scope, research methods, research materials and the basic research status of governance policy in Qing Dynasty. The first chapter discusses the management of the Hui area before the Qing Dynasty unified Xinjiang. During this period, due to historical reasons, the Qing Dynasty had little contact with the Hui area. The governance policy of the Qing Dynasty mainly through the establishment of interactive relations to control Hami. The form of competition for Turpan is realized. Chapter two, Chapter three discusses the policy of governance of the Qing Dynasty during the period from the unification of Xinjiang to the founding of Xinjiang Province. Twenty-four years of Qianlong (1759), the Qing government calmed down the size and Zhuo rebellion, and established a firm rule in the region. After three years of Tongzhi (1864), the peasant uprising broke out in the Huijiang area, the local rule of the Qing Dynasty was washed down, and Aguber, an officer of the Central Asian Haohan country, stole from some parts of Xinjiang for 13 years. Until Guang Xu's ten years (1884), the Qing government recovered Xinjiang and set up a province. During this period, Huijiang was under the rule of military government system as a whole, and the policy of Qing Dynasty in this area had strong nationality and regional color. The fourth chapter discusses the new governance policy of the Qing Dynasty returning to Xinjiang after the establishment of Xinjiang Province; Guang Xu established a province in Xinjiang in 10 years (1884), and gradually began to hinterization, the Qing Dynasty returned to Xinjiang governance policy has also undergone major adjustments, the implementation of the system of prefectures and counties, the implementation of new policies; at this time, The policies implemented by the Qing government in Xinjiang began to be consistent with the whole country and gradually connected with the international standards, which accelerated the modernization process of Xinjiang. The fifth to eighth chapters discuss respectively the border defense, economy, education and religious policies of Qing government in the area of return to Xinjiang, and discuss the background, process, characteristics, gains and losses of the policies, in order to draw lessons from them. To gain useful enlightenment.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K249
本文编号：2275978
[Abstract]:On the basis of the detailed possession of the data, drawing on the relevant research results of the academic circles, combining with the social field investigation data of ethnology and the policy analysis of political science, this paper systematically discusses the politics and economy of the Qing Dynasty in the area of returning to Xinjiang. The origin, background, content, characteristic, function, evolution, result, gain and loss and its influence of military, religious, cultural and other policy measures, such as the process and concept of policy making, the reasons and significance of policy adjustment in different periods, The court and local officials have made decisions, views and their influence on the issue of returning to Xinjiang, errors in the implementation of the policy and its consequences, and so on; they have paid equal attention to both movement and movement, giving consideration to both positive and negative aspects, in an effort to comprehensively and objectively grasp the overall context of the policy of governing the return of Xinjiang from the Qing Dynasty to the end. It truly reflects its development and evolution, and gives an objective evaluation. The full text includes an introduction and eight chapters. The introduction part mainly introduces the reason, research scope, research methods, research materials and the basic research status of governance policy in Qing Dynasty. The first chapter discusses the management of the Hui area before the Qing Dynasty unified Xinjiang. During this period, due to historical reasons, the Qing Dynasty had little contact with the Hui area. The governance policy of the Qing Dynasty mainly through the establishment of interactive relations to control Hami. The form of competition for Turpan is realized. Chapter two, Chapter three discusses the policy of governance of the Qing Dynasty during the period from the unification of Xinjiang to the founding of Xinjiang Province. Twenty-four years of Qianlong (1759), the Qing government calmed down the size and Zhuo rebellion, and established a firm rule in the region. After three years of Tongzhi (1864), the peasant uprising broke out in the Huijiang area, the local rule of the Qing Dynasty was washed down, and Aguber, an officer of the Central Asian Haohan country, stole from some parts of Xinjiang for 13 years. Until Guang Xu's ten years (1884), the Qing government recovered Xinjiang and set up a province. During this period, Huijiang was under the rule of military government system as a whole, and the policy of Qing Dynasty in this area had strong nationality and regional color. The fourth chapter discusses the new governance policy of the Qing Dynasty returning to Xinjiang after the establishment of Xinjiang Province; Guang Xu established a province in Xinjiang in 10 years (1884), and gradually began to hinterization, the Qing Dynasty returned to Xinjiang governance policy has also undergone major adjustments, the implementation of the system of prefectures and counties, the implementation of new policies; at this time, The policies implemented by the Qing government in Xinjiang began to be consistent with the whole country and gradually connected with the international standards, which accelerated the modernization process of Xinjiang. The fifth to eighth chapters discuss respectively the border defense, economy, education and religious policies of Qing government in the area of return to Xinjiang, and discuss the background, process, characteristics, gains and losses of the policies, in order to draw lessons from them. To gain useful enlightenment.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K249
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