元代站赤研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 15:45
【摘要】：交通和通讯是制约经济发展的瓶颈因素,也是社会生活中不可缺少的组成部 分,既使在比较封闭的古代社会,人们的交往虽不象今天这样密切和频繁,但也 有一套相对发达的交通系统和通讯方式,元朝也不例外。随着蒙古族的第一次西 征,就不同程度地恢复和建立驿站。同时,不断入主中原,再次把分裂的中国统 一起来,其版图远远超过汉唐之地。为了对如此广阔的国家和人民进行有效统治, 元朝建立了以大都为中心,横跨中西,纵贯中国南北的驿站。本文旨在前人研究 的基础上,探讨元代站赤的整个发展历程。 全文分六个部分: 一、蒙元时期的站赤概况。通过史料分析和论证,考证蒙古国站赤的起源, 并对蒙元时期的站赤概况、不断完善的驿站制度以及传递边关紧急公文、课程、 差发等的急递铺进行详细的概括和归纳。 二、元代站赤的分布。把元代中书省和各行省所辖路、府、州的站赤用表格 的形式列出来,从而使元代站赤分布有个清晰的轮廓。 三、元朝政府对站赤的管理。蒙古族入主中原后,再次把分裂的中国统一起 来,并建立了比前代更为发达和完善的交通和通讯系统。为了使之有效运转,元 政府从中央到地方建立了一套较为完整的机构来管理站赤。 四、元代的站户。为了使使臣“止则有馆舍,顿则有供帐,饥渴则有饮食”, 元政府驱使大批民户,承担各种差役,无偿地为驿站服务,成为加在劳动人民头 上的沉重负担,广大站户过着悲惨的生活。 五、元代站赤的衰亡。元代设立站赤,目的是对全国进行有效管辖,但到中 后期,随着管理的松弛,过往使臣的横加掠夺和各种天灾人祸,迫使站户逃亡或 反抗,最终导致了元代站赤的衰亡。 六、元代站赤的影响。元代规模庞大的站赤对巩固当时国内政治统治,促进 经济发展、文化进步和交流以及边疆地区开发产生了积极的影响,同时也加强了 与周边国家的联系,为中外交往奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Transportation and communications are bottlenecks to economic development and an indispensable component of social life. Even in a more closed ancient society, people's exchanges are not as close and frequent as they are today. But there is also a relatively developed transportation system and communication, the Yuan Dynasty is no exception. With the first western expedition of the Mongols, the post was restored and established to varying degrees. At the same time, the territory of China was far more than that of the Han and Tang dynasties. In order to rule such a vast country and people effectively, the Yuan Dynasty established a stagepost with the center of the majority, straddling the West and the West, running through the north and south of China. On the basis of previous studies, this paper discusses the whole development course of Yuan Dynasty station. The full text is divided into six parts: first, the general situation of the Yuan Dynasty station. Through the analysis and argumentation of historical data, the origin of Mongol station is studied, and the general situation of the station in the Yuan Dynasty, the perfect post system and the transmission of emergency documents and courses at the border pass are also given. Poor hair and so on the urgent progress carries on the detailed summary and the induction. Second, the distribution of Yuan Dynasty stations. In order to make the distribution of stations in the Yuan Dynasty have a clear outline, it lists the roads, prefectures and states under the jurisdiction of Zhongshu province and various provinces in the Yuan Dynasty in the form of tables. Third, the Yuan Dynasty government to the station red management. After the Mongols took over the Central Plains, they unified the divided China again and established a more developed and perfect transportation and communication system than the previous generation. In order to make it work effectively, the Yuan government set up a complete set of institutions from central to local to manage the station. Fourth, the Yuan Dynasty station households. In order for the envoys to "keep the premises, pay for the house, and provide food for hunger and thirst," the Yuan government drove a large number of households to undertake all kinds of service and serve the post for free. Become a heavy burden on the head of the working people, the vast number of station households living a miserable life. Fifth, the Yuan Dynasty station red decline. The Yuan Dynasty set up the station red, the purpose is to carry on the effective jurisdiction over the whole country, but in the middle and late period, with the relaxation of management, the past envoys were plundered and all kinds of natural and man-made disasters. Forced to escape or resistance, eventually leading to the Yuan Dynasty station Chi's decline. Sixth, the influence of Yuan Dynasty station red. The vast scale of the Yuan Dynasty had a positive impact on the consolidation of domestic political rule at that time, the promotion of economic development, cultural progress and exchanges, as well as the development of frontier areas. At the same time, it has also strengthened its ties with neighboring countries, laying the foundation for Chinese and foreign exchanges.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K247
[Abstract]:Transportation and communications are bottlenecks to economic development and an indispensable component of social life. Even in a more closed ancient society, people's exchanges are not as close and frequent as they are today. But there is also a relatively developed transportation system and communication, the Yuan Dynasty is no exception. With the first western expedition of the Mongols, the post was restored and established to varying degrees. At the same time, the territory of China was far more than that of the Han and Tang dynasties. In order to rule such a vast country and people effectively, the Yuan Dynasty established a stagepost with the center of the majority, straddling the West and the West, running through the north and south of China. On the basis of previous studies, this paper discusses the whole development course of Yuan Dynasty station. The full text is divided into six parts: first, the general situation of the Yuan Dynasty station. Through the analysis and argumentation of historical data, the origin of Mongol station is studied, and the general situation of the station in the Yuan Dynasty, the perfect post system and the transmission of emergency documents and courses at the border pass are also given. Poor hair and so on the urgent progress carries on the detailed summary and the induction. Second, the distribution of Yuan Dynasty stations. In order to make the distribution of stations in the Yuan Dynasty have a clear outline, it lists the roads, prefectures and states under the jurisdiction of Zhongshu province and various provinces in the Yuan Dynasty in the form of tables. Third, the Yuan Dynasty government to the station red management. After the Mongols took over the Central Plains, they unified the divided China again and established a more developed and perfect transportation and communication system than the previous generation. In order to make it work effectively, the Yuan government set up a complete set of institutions from central to local to manage the station. Fourth, the Yuan Dynasty station households. In order for the envoys to "keep the premises, pay for the house, and provide food for hunger and thirst," the Yuan government drove a large number of households to undertake all kinds of service and serve the post for free. Become a heavy burden on the head of the working people, the vast number of station households living a miserable life. Fifth, the Yuan Dynasty station red decline. The Yuan Dynasty set up the station red, the purpose is to carry on the effective jurisdiction over the whole country, but in the middle and late period, with the relaxation of management, the past envoys were plundered and all kinds of natural and man-made disasters. Forced to escape or resistance, eventually leading to the Yuan Dynasty station Chi's decline. Sixth, the influence of Yuan Dynasty station red. The vast scale of the Yuan Dynasty had a positive impact on the consolidation of domestic political rule at that time, the promotion of economic development, cultural progress and exchanges, as well as the development of frontier areas. At the same time, it has also strengthened its ties with neighboring countries, laying the foundation for Chinese and foreign exchanges.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K247
【引证文献】
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