司马光社会思想探析
发布时间：2019-01-07 12:09
【摘要】： 中国特色社会主义事业总体上已发展为社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设四位一体的格局,中国历史上的社会思想随之也日益引起学术界的关注。在宋代社会转型与变革趋势增强,文人地位提升,社会经济繁荣发展,国势内忧外患等社会背景下,宋代士大夫激发出高度社会责任感和历史使命感,司马光社会思想应时而出。司马光以宗族建设作为治理国家的切入点,在谱牒、家法族规、祭祖等方面都丰富和发展了宋代的宗族制度。他重视家族教育和提高族众素质,通过彰显族中优秀人物的品行去教育和凝聚宗族,注重继承祖先的精神以加强家风建设,冀以稳定国家统治秩序。在“中庸”哲学思想和传统儒家“德主刑辅”治国思想的指导下,司马光提出了王霸同道、忠君抑君、隆礼重法的主张,倡导综合运用礼与法两种手段,宽猛并用,软硬兼施。在传统儒家“大同”、“小康”理想社会思想的影响下,司马光以重新整合和调适各种社会关系为重点,对统治阶级、周边关系以及富国安民等方面进行了设定,其理想社会模式可概括为政治清明,社会和谐、华夷两安,民富国强。与同时代士大夫相比,司马光明道德、重教化、倡仁政、讲人和,其社会思想稳健有余,开拓不足,具有一定的柔性、务实的特色,在推动北宋社会秩序重建等方面发挥了一定的作用,对当今“和谐社会”的构建具有某些普世性的思想借鉴价值。
[Abstract]:The cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics has generally developed into a four-in-one pattern of socialist economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction. In the social background such as the social transformation and reform trend of Song Dynasty, the literati's status, the prosperity and development of the social economy, the internal and external troubles of the country, the literati and officials of the Song Dynasty inspired a high sense of social responsibility and a sense of historical mission. Si Maguang's social thought came out at the right time. Si Maguang took clan construction as the starting point to govern the country, enriched and developed the clan system in Song Dynasty in the aspects of genealogy, family rule, ancestor worship and so on. He attached great importance to the family education and the improvement of the quality of the clan, by showing the outstanding character of the clan to educate and unite the clan, pay attention to inheriting the spirit of the ancestors in order to strengthen the building of the family style, in order to stabilize the ruling order of the country. Under the guidance of "the mean" philosophy thought and the traditional Confucianist thought of "virtue dominating punishment auxiliary", Si Maguang put forward the idea of "Wang hegemony", "loyalty to the emperor and the suppression of the monarch," and "Longli", advocating the comprehensive use of both means of propriety and law, using both broad and fierce means, and applying both soft and hard. Under the influence of the traditional Confucian ideology of "Great Harmony" and "Well-off" ideal society, Si Maguang set up the ruling class, the peripheral relations and the rich countries and the people in order to reintegrate and adjust all kinds of social relations. Its ideal social model can be summed up as political clarity, social harmony, Huayi two-peace, rich and strong people. Compared with the literati officials of the same era, Sima Guangming's morality, emphasizing education, advocating benevolence, talking about people and harmony, his social thoughts are more than steady and lack of opening up, and they have certain flexible and pragmatic characteristics. It has played a certain role in promoting the reconstruction of social order in the Northern Song Dynasty, and has some universal value for reference to the construction of "harmonious society".
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K244
[Abstract]:The cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics has generally developed into a four-in-one pattern of socialist economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction. In the social background such as the social transformation and reform trend of Song Dynasty, the literati's status, the prosperity and development of the social economy, the internal and external troubles of the country, the literati and officials of the Song Dynasty inspired a high sense of social responsibility and a sense of historical mission. Si Maguang's social thought came out at the right time. Si Maguang took clan construction as the starting point to govern the country, enriched and developed the clan system in Song Dynasty in the aspects of genealogy, family rule, ancestor worship and so on. He attached great importance to the family education and the improvement of the quality of the clan, by showing the outstanding character of the clan to educate and unite the clan, pay attention to inheriting the spirit of the ancestors in order to strengthen the building of the family style, in order to stabilize the ruling order of the country. Under the guidance of "the mean" philosophy thought and the traditional Confucianist thought of "virtue dominating punishment auxiliary", Si Maguang put forward the idea of "Wang hegemony", "loyalty to the emperor and the suppression of the monarch," and "Longli", advocating the comprehensive use of both means of propriety and law, using both broad and fierce means, and applying both soft and hard. Under the influence of the traditional Confucian ideology of "Great Harmony" and "Well-off" ideal society, Si Maguang set up the ruling class, the peripheral relations and the rich countries and the people in order to reintegrate and adjust all kinds of social relations. Its ideal social model can be summed up as political clarity, social harmony, Huayi two-peace, rich and strong people. Compared with the literati officials of the same era, Sima Guangming's morality, emphasizing education, advocating benevolence, talking about people and harmony, his social thoughts are more than steady and lack of opening up, and they have certain flexible and pragmatic characteristics. It has played a certain role in promoting the reconstruction of social order in the Northern Song Dynasty, and has some universal value for reference to the construction of "harmonious society".
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K244
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