武昌起义后清廷组编新军三军考略

发布时间：2019-02-10 19:28

【摘要】：武昌起义后,清廷为了镇压革命,在军事方面作出了迅速反应,将新军精锐组编为三军,以第一军南下前线,第二军作为预备,随时听从调遣,第三军守卫京师。但是在实际的军事行动中,这项决策并未得到贯彻,尤其是关键的第二军由于种种原因并未组成,更没有开拔到武汉前线,在前线作战的主要是新军第一军,这就造成武汉前线清军兵力之不足,在军事上没有绝对的优势。从战略上说,没有第二军的配合,第一军便处于非常孤立的地位。第二军没有开赴前线,影响了军事统帅袁世凯的战略思维,由原来极力镇压革命党,逐渐变为以抚为主,以剿为辅,最后与革命党进行南北和谈。第二军没有开赴前线,是清政府的一大军事失误,影响了辛亥革命之结局。第二军被限制在北方,无法开赴前线的事实,折射出北方立宪党人的努力,客观上配合了武汉战场。
[Abstract]:After Wuchang uprising, in order to suppress the revolution, the Qing government made a quick response in the military aspect, organized the elite group of the new army into the three armed forces, took the first army south to the front line, the second army as preparation, at any time obeyed the dispatch, and the third army guarded the capital division. However, in actual military operations, this decision has not been carried out, especially since the key second Army has not been formed for various reasons and has not been deployed to the front line in Wuhan, where the main force fighting on the front line is the first Forces nouvelles. This resulted in the shortage of troops in the front line of Wuhan Qing Army, and there was no absolute superiority in military affairs. Strategically, without the cooperation of the second Army, the first Army would be in a very isolated position. The second Army did not go to the front line, which affected the strategic thinking of military commander Yuan Shikai. The failure of the second Army to go to the front line was a major military error of the Qing government, which affected the outcome of the 1911 Revolution. The fact that the second Army was confined to the north and could not go to the front line reflected the efforts of the Northern Constitutionalists and objectively cooperated with the Wuhan Battlefield.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(09BZS029)
【分类号】：E295;K249

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