宋代书院记研究
发布时间：2019-02-12 20:03
【摘要】：书院是中国古代一种特殊的教育组织形式,最早出现在唐代,宋代是其发展的第一个高峰。书院记正是在书院兴起的情况下产生的,它是为书院撰写的“记”文,以书院或书院教育为主要内容,以“记”为载体。“记”是中国古代文体的一类,早期以叙事为主,后来发展为叙述、议论、描写等各种艺术手法相结合的综合性文体。北宋书院记的作家和作品数量很少,但作者几乎都是大家名家(如王禹PA、杨亿);南宋时书院记的创作出现了一个高峰,许多著名的文学家或理学家都参与了创作,有的还兼有文学家和理学家的双重身份(如朱熹、吕祖谦)。在思想内容方面,宋代书院记除了记叙书院本身,还褒扬办学或纪念学者、阐发教育思想(主要包括宋人对书院教育目标、对书院与科举关系、对道德教育的深刻认识)。在艺术形式上,书院记作为宋代“记”体散文的一个分支,表现出鲜明的时代特征,议论性比较明显,基本上超越了前代此类文体以叙事为主的格局,而是把叙事、写景、议论、抒情融为一炉。书院涉及教育,而教育在宋人看来事关大体,所以题材对语言也产生了一定的影响,使得宋代书院记的语言风格以平易质朴为主。这些都是宋代书院记的独特之处。 就文学地位而言,宋代书院记是书院这一新的题材与“记”这一散文体裁的结合,是宋人对“记”的开拓与创新。受当时社会文化思想的影响,宋代书院记表现出与前代“记”文不同的时代特征,从中即可见宋代“记”文的特点。同时,书院记又涉及宋代的教育、历史、哲学等许多方面,我们可以从中获取不少关于宋代文化的信息,故而它具有重要的文化意义。 岳麓书院和白鹿洞书院都是中国古代书院的典范和楷模,它们的影响甚至远播海外。其实,早在宋代,这两所书院就已经闻名于世了,宋代很多作家都为其撰写过记文,比如北宋著名文学家王禹PA、南宋著名理学家张h;都曾为岳麓书院作记,而南宋文学家、理学家吕祖谦也曾为白鹿洞书院撰记。这些记文不但记载了书院的历史沿革,而且表现了它们在不同历史时期的教育宗旨,更重要的是扩大了书院在当时及后世的影响。 总之,宋代书院记在中国古代散文史和中国古代文化史上具有不可抹灭的意义和价值。
[Abstract]:Academy of Classical Learning was a special form of educational organization in ancient China. It first appeared in the Tang Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty was the first peak of its development. The record of the Academy was produced under the condition of the rise of the Academy. It was written for the College, with the College or College Education as the main content and the record as the carrier. "Ji" is a kind of ancient Chinese style, which was mainly narrated in the early stage and developed into a comprehensive style combining various artistic techniques such as narration, argumentation, description and so on. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the number of writers and works is few, but almost all the authors are famous (such as Wang Yu PA, Yang Yi). There was a peak in the creation of academy records in the Southern Song Dynasty. Many famous writers or philosophers took part in the creation, and some had the dual identities of writers and philosophers (such as Zhu Xi and Lu Zuqian). In terms of ideological content, the notes of academies of the Song Dynasty not only describe the academy itself, but also praise or honor the scholars who run schools or memorials, and expound their educational thoughts (mainly including the Song Dynasty's profound understanding of the educational objectives of the academies, the relationship between the academies and the imperial examination, and the moral education). In terms of artistic form, as a branch of the style prose of the Song Dynasty "Ji", Academy Records shows distinct characteristics of the times, and its argumentative character is obvious. It basically surmounts the narrative pattern of this kind of style in the previous generation, and instead, it narrates and writes the scene. To express one's feelings into a furnace. Academies involved in education, and education in the Song Dynasty related to the general, so the subject matter also has a certain impact on the language, so that the Song Dynasty academy notes the language style is simple and simple. These are the unique features of the Song Dynasty Academy of Classical Learning. As far as literary status is concerned, the record of academies of the Song Dynasty is the combination of the new subject matter of the academy and the prose genre of "Ji", and it is also the opening and innovation of "Ji" by the Song people. Influenced by the thought of social culture at that time, the notes of academy in Song Dynasty showed different characteristics from those of the previous dynasties, from which we can see the characteristics of "Ji" in Song Dynasty. At the same time, the record of academies involves many aspects of education, history, philosophy and so on in the Song Dynasty, from which we can get a lot of information about the culture of the Song Dynasty, so it has important cultural significance. Yuelu Academy and Bai Ludong Academy are the models and role models of ancient Chinese academies. In fact, as early as the Song Dynasty, these two academies have become famous all over the world. Many writers have written for them, such as Wang Yu, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Zhang H, a famous Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty. Yuelu Academy for the record, and the Southern Song Dynasty writer, Neo-Confucianism Lu Zuqian also wrote for the Bai Ludong Academy. These notes not only record the historical evolution of the academy, but also express their educational purposes in different historical periods, and more importantly, expand the influence of the academy at that time and in later generations. In a word, the history of ancient Chinese prose and ancient Chinese culture has an indelible significance and value.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K244
本文编号：2420743
[Abstract]:Academy of Classical Learning was a special form of educational organization in ancient China. It first appeared in the Tang Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty was the first peak of its development. The record of the Academy was produced under the condition of the rise of the Academy. It was written for the College, with the College or College Education as the main content and the record as the carrier. "Ji" is a kind of ancient Chinese style, which was mainly narrated in the early stage and developed into a comprehensive style combining various artistic techniques such as narration, argumentation, description and so on. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the number of writers and works is few, but almost all the authors are famous (such as Wang Yu PA, Yang Yi). There was a peak in the creation of academy records in the Southern Song Dynasty. Many famous writers or philosophers took part in the creation, and some had the dual identities of writers and philosophers (such as Zhu Xi and Lu Zuqian). In terms of ideological content, the notes of academies of the Song Dynasty not only describe the academy itself, but also praise or honor the scholars who run schools or memorials, and expound their educational thoughts (mainly including the Song Dynasty's profound understanding of the educational objectives of the academies, the relationship between the academies and the imperial examination, and the moral education). In terms of artistic form, as a branch of the style prose of the Song Dynasty "Ji", Academy Records shows distinct characteristics of the times, and its argumentative character is obvious. It basically surmounts the narrative pattern of this kind of style in the previous generation, and instead, it narrates and writes the scene. To express one's feelings into a furnace. Academies involved in education, and education in the Song Dynasty related to the general, so the subject matter also has a certain impact on the language, so that the Song Dynasty academy notes the language style is simple and simple. These are the unique features of the Song Dynasty Academy of Classical Learning. As far as literary status is concerned, the record of academies of the Song Dynasty is the combination of the new subject matter of the academy and the prose genre of "Ji", and it is also the opening and innovation of "Ji" by the Song people. Influenced by the thought of social culture at that time, the notes of academy in Song Dynasty showed different characteristics from those of the previous dynasties, from which we can see the characteristics of "Ji" in Song Dynasty. At the same time, the record of academies involves many aspects of education, history, philosophy and so on in the Song Dynasty, from which we can get a lot of information about the culture of the Song Dynasty, so it has important cultural significance. Yuelu Academy and Bai Ludong Academy are the models and role models of ancient Chinese academies. In fact, as early as the Song Dynasty, these two academies have become famous all over the world. Many writers have written for them, such as Wang Yu, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Zhang H, a famous Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty. Yuelu Academy for the record, and the Southern Song Dynasty writer, Neo-Confucianism Lu Zuqian also wrote for the Bai Ludong Academy. These notes not only record the historical evolution of the academy, but also express their educational purposes in different historical periods, and more importantly, expand the influence of the academy at that time and in later generations. In a word, the history of ancient Chinese prose and ancient Chinese culture has an indelible significance and value.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K244
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 张劲松;;陈崇与东佳书堂——一种社会文化史的分析[J];湖南大学学报(社会科学版);2008年05期
2 邱晓辉;;南宋书院考略[J];图书情报论坛;2010年01期
相关硕士学位论文 前4条
1 邱文侠;陆游记体文研究[D];福建师范大学;2008年
2 丛迪;宋代书院教学管理制度研究[D];东北师范大学;2009年
3 刘含笑;苏轼的“记”体散文研究[D];东北师范大学;2012年
4 张连勇;张h;教育思想研究[D];河北大学;2013年
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