明代东北亚地区陆路信息传播研究

发布时间：2019-03-28 08:41

【摘要】：明帝国初立即积极在东北亚陆上边疆地区进行以新闻信息传播为主要内容的软实力征服,对东北少数民族、北元残余势力都大加宣谕招抚使之来归。并于洪武初年,即有于辽东建立驿路,复兴文教传播等等努力。同时,着手重建对朝鲜的新闻信息传播秩序。确定明帝国的东北亚新闻传播政策与传播层次划分是明初东北亚传播的主要内容。帝国东部的陆路传播边疆即是帝国实质上的地理边疆。明帝国中前期中央政府对东北地区不断进行新闻传播与信息输出,通过传播实践加强了东北边疆的民族向心力。元末动乱的东北边疆重回稳定,明帝国的新闻传播政策与行为,所起到的作用显而易见。在朝鲜半岛上,李氏朝鲜取代王氏高丽后,制定了臣事大明的立国方针,在政治与文化传播层面上积极与明廷进行包括新闻在内的各种信息的交互。朝鲜在对明廷的政治信息收集与反馈方面投入了相当的人力物力,以之为国之要务。朝鲜派遣的使臣一年数次往返于北京与王京之间,将明廷的时政新闻大量收集带回朝鲜。除了频繁的政治新闻信息交流外,对中华文化的热情也让朝鲜做出了大量传播方面的努力以参与进汉字文化核心圈。这种努力与重视,在朝鲜的史料里留下了许多关于明帝国新闻传播体系的细节记载,这是为中原史书所缺失的。在明帝国东北亚的发展中,万历朝鲜战争与女真兴起都是对历史发展影响深远的事件。在其中,新闻传播都扮演了重要的角色。在万历朝鲜战争中,无论是明廷入朝作战前的信息准备、战时新闻信息传播管控、和议时期的舆论处理,还是战后对朝鲜与日本的信息互动的掌握,都直接作用于明廷的政策调整与军事安排,这都是决定战争结局的关键因素。而随着东北境内女真势力的兴起,弘治朝以后东北传播气氛日渐紧张。万历朝时期东北政治形势动荡不安,东北境内传播乱象初起。尽管明廷一再加强对军事新闻信息管控的力度,但对东北用兵的屡次失败证明了明帝国传播体制中存在着严重的新闻信息安全漏洞。在帝国统一东北的过程中,发挥了巨大作用新闻传播体系在明末却成为对帝国安全的一大威胁。尽管明廷与朝鲜双方都尽了相当大的努力,但军事上的失败最终导致明廷东北亚边疆传播体系的崩溃。这一结果也导致清朝建立后,彻底改变了对东北亚陆路地区的传播政策,无形中埋下了近代东北亚悲剧的伏笔。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, it actively conquered the soft power with the main content of news and information dissemination in the land frontier of Northeast Asia. The minority nationalities in Northeast China and the remnants of the Northern Yuan Dynasty were greatly encouraged to return to the region. And in the early years of Hongwu, I. E. in Liaodong to establish a post road, rejuvenate the spread of culture and education, and so on. At the same time, the re-establishment of the North Korean news and information dissemination order. It is the main content of Northeast Asia communication in the early Ming Dynasty to determine the media policy and the division of communication levels of the Ming Empire in Northeast Asia. The land-borne frontier in the eastern part of the Empire is the geographical frontier of the Empire in essence. In the middle and early Ming Dynasty, the central government continuously carried out news dissemination and information output to Northeast China, and strengthened the national centripetal force in the Northeast Frontier through the practice of dissemination. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the unstable northeast frontier returned to stability, and the Ming Empire's news and communication policies and behaviors played an obvious role. On the Korean Peninsula, after Lee's Korea replaced Wang's Kali, he formulated the policy of establishing a country for his subjects, and actively interacted with the Ming Dynasty, including news, on the political and cultural dissemination level. North Korea has invested considerable human and material resources in the collection and feedback of political information to the Ming Dynasty as a matter of national importance. North Korea sent envoys to and from Beijing and Wang Jing several times a year, bringing back a large collection of the Ming Dynasty's current political news. In addition to the frequent exchange of political news and information, the enthusiasm for Chinese culture has also led North Korea to make a great deal of efforts in order to participate in the core circle of Chinese culture. This effort and attention, in the history of North Korea left a lot of details about the Ming Empire news and communication system, which is missing from the Central Plains historical books. In the development of Northeast Asia of Ming Dynasty, the Korean War of Wanli and the rise of Nushen are both far-reaching events to the development of history. Among them, news communication has played an important role. In the Korean War of Wanli, whether it was the preparation of information before the Ming Dynasty entered the DPRK, the control over the dissemination of news and information in wartime, the handling of public opinion during the period of reconciliation, or the mastery of the information interaction between Korea and Japan after the war, Both directly affect the Ming court's policy adjustment and military arrangements, which are the key factors to determine the end of the war. And with the rise of women's true forces in Northeast China, Hongzhi after the Northeast spread atmosphere increasingly tense. During the Wanli Dynasty, the political situation in Northeast China was volatile, and the spread of chaos in Northeast China began at the beginning. Although the Ming Dynasty has repeatedly strengthened the control of military news and information, the repeated failures of the Northeast military use have proved that there are serious security loopholes in the communication system of the Ming Empire. In the process of empire unifying northeast, the news communication system became a great threat to the imperial security in the late Ming Dynasty. Despite the great efforts of both the Ming Dynasty and North Korea, the military failure eventually led to the collapse of the Ming Dynasty Northeast Asian Border Communication system. This result also led to the establishment of Qing Dynasty, completely changed the dissemination policy of Northeast Asia land area, buried the tragedy of modern Northeast Asia.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K248

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