《元朝秘史》中两则谚语与相关史料的可靠性问题

发布时间：2019-04-12 06:57

【摘要】：本文讨论的《元朝秘史》所记第一条谚语,见于该书第85节记铁木真幼年在逃避泰赤兀人追杀时,锁儿罕失刺两子间一段以草木尚且蔽护遭鹰鹘追捕的雀鸟为喻,力主救铁木真之叙事。此比喻亦见于波斯史家志费尼《世界征服者史》中,有关诸王阔端拒绝向脱列哥那监国皇后交出大臣镇海与牙刺瓦赤的回复,以及元人阎复《句客郡王纪绩碑》记载的钦察王族不同意将收留的篾儿乞残部交给成吉思汗时所举理由中。第二条有关凭借观察少年眼神灵活程度,来判断其未来成长的蒙古谚语,除在《秘史》中两见外,亦见于畏兀儿名臣孟速思与汉人刘哈剌八都鲁的家传资料。本文通过对这两条蒙古谚语的分析,证明《句容郡王纪绩碑》所记钦察王族沦为成吉思汗家族牧奴的过程,志费尼所述阔端拒绝向脱列哥那皇后交出镇海与牙刺瓦赤之事,与孟速思与刘哈剌八都鲁家传资料中保存的他们初见成吉恩汗与忽必烈时的情节,均是相当可靠的历史记录。
[Abstract]:The first proverb in "the Secret History of the Yuan Dynasty" discussed in this paper is found in verse 85 of the book, in which Tie Muzhen, when he was young, evaded the killing of the Taiji Uighur when he was young, and when he was young, he and his son lost their thorns, and a passage between the two sons was taken as a metaphor for the grass and trees still sheltering the birds hunted by the Uighurs. Strive to save Tie Muzhen's narrative. This analogy is also found in the History of the conquerors of the World by the Persian historian Zhifini. The reply that the kings refused to hand over their minister, Zhenhai, and the tattooshi to the queen of the incarcerated state of Tegonia was also found in the history of the conquerors of the world. The reasons why the Qin Cha royal family did not agree to hand over the remaining bamboo strips to Genghis Khan in Yuan Dynasty Yan Fu's tablet of Records of the King of Quan County in the Yuan Dynasty were among the reasons for not agreeing to submit the collected parts of the bamboo strips to Genghis Khan. Article 2 the Mongolian proverb about judging the future growth of a teenager by observing the flexibility of his eyes is not only seen in the Secret History, but also found in the genres of Meng Sui-si, a famous minister of the vultures, and Liu Hara-Badulu, a Han man. Based on the analysis of these two Mongolian proverbs, this paper proves that the royal clan of Qincha became a slave of the Genghis Khan family in the Monarch of Jurong County, and the broad-ended refusal of Zhifini to hand over the town sea and the tattooshi to Queen Tolegona, The plots preserved in the family biography of Meng Suo-si and Liu Haila-Badulu when they first saw Genghehan and Hu Bilie are fairly reliable historical records.
【作者单位】：南京大学民族与边疆研究中心/元史研究室;
【分类号】：K247

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