国计民生：1950年代初华北城乡物资交流会研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 07:27

本文关键词：国计民生：1950年代初华北城乡物资交流会研究　出处：《山西大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新中国初期,中国共产党面临着一个转型问题,就是如何由革命党转变为执政党,如何完成由乡村走向城市的转变,从另一个方面来讲就是如何在建立新的国家政权后转向治理国家的经济工作。20世纪50年代初华北城乡物资交流大会便是中共恢复发展国民经济与城乡关系的重要探索与努力。基于此,本论文以华北城乡物资交流大会为研究个案,试图探讨中共是如何致力于“国计民生”这一攸关国家和民众前途命运的大事件的。本文首先梳理了建国初期中共恢复国民经济时采取的统一财政、稳定物价、调整工商业、繁荣市场等实践过程。国民经济恢复时期城乡物资交流工作的开展离不开国家的高度重视,国家通过恢复城乡交通、建立合作社等措施,保障了1950年代初城乡物资交流的顺利进行。华北地区在1951-1952年召开了3次规模较大的城乡物资交流会,其中1951年的华北区城乡物资交流展览会规模最大。展会设有十七个展览馆,分为综合、农业、土特产、工业四个部分,展品、会场布置及社会影响等内容作为华北区城乡物资交流展览会的重要组成部分,表达出了独特的历史实践和时代信息。可以说,华北区城乡物资交流展览会为恢复城乡经济,推销农副土特产品,提高农民的购买力和恢复国民经济等方面做出了有益的尝试。山西作为华北区的重要省份之一,参与大会的方式与过程也是本文考察的重点。主要通过两个视角来分析：一是在国家的号召下山西是如何参与到华北城乡物资交流会中的,涉及展会前的准备、宣传与展品的征集工作；二是山西在华北城乡物资交流过程中展示出的地方特色,如参会人员、作为山西形象载体的展品、购销产品的种类与山西省内的物资交流。华北城乡物资交流大会是建立中央与地方关系的重要途径之一,也是国家意志表达和实践的重要表现,本文对城乡物资交流大会中的国家权力运作、国家形象塑造等问题进行更为深入系统的讨论。华北城乡物资交流大会通过展品征集、宣传动员、典型模范、爱国主义等要素传达国家的意志,并且展示了中共通过国民经济方面取得的成就以塑造一个现代政党形象的实践过程。“国计民生”是本研究的关怀点与落脚点。建国初期的华北城乡物资交流大会还原了国家大计与民众生活相遇的场景。“国计”与“民生”不是相对立的,而是相互联系、相互影响的。国家通过城乡物资交流的方式试图恢复城乡经济、重建城乡关系与重塑国家形象。民众则在城乡物资交流中推销了剩余的农副土特产品、获得了新的生产技术、接受了新的思想观念。可以说,建国初期的华北城乡物资交流大会是建立国家与民众良好互动关系的重要平台。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the new China, the Communist Party of China was faced with a problem of transformation, that is, how to change from the revolutionary party to the ruling party, and how to complete the transformation from the countryside to the city. On the other hand, it is how to turn to the economic work of governing the country after the establishment of a new state power. In the early 50s of the 20th century, the North China Urban and Rural material Exchange Conference was the CPC to restore the development of the national economy and the relationship between urban and rural areas. Based on this important exploration and effort. This paper takes North China urban-rural material exchange conference as a case study. This paper tries to discuss how the Communist Party of China is committed to the "national economy and people's livelihood", which is a big event that concerns the future and destiny of the country and the people. This paper first combs the unified finance and price stability adopted by the Communist Party of China in the early stage of founding the nation's national economy. Adjustment of industry and commerce, prosperity of the market and other practical processes. During the period of national economic recovery, the development of material exchange between urban and rural areas can not be separated from the attention of the state, the state through the restoration of urban and rural transportation, the establishment of cooperatives and other measures. It ensured the smooth development of the material exchange between urban and rural areas in the early 1950s. In 1951-1952, three large-scale urban and rural material exchange meetings were held in North China. In 1951, the North China city and countryside material exchange exhibition is the largest. The exhibition has 17 exhibition halls, divided into comprehensive, agricultural, native products, industry four parts, exhibits. Venue layout and social impact, as an important part of the North China urban and rural material exchange exhibition, express a unique historical practice and information of the times. In order to restore the urban and rural economy, the North China Urban and Rural material Exchange Exhibition will promote the sale of special agricultural and sideline products. A beneficial attempt has been made to improve the purchasing power of farmers and restore the national economy. Shanxi is one of the important provinces in North China. The way and process of participating in the conference is also the focus of this study. Mainly through two perspectives to analyze: first, under the call of the state, Shanxi is how to participate in the North China rural-urban material exchange meeting, involving the preparation before the exhibition. Publicity and collection of exhibits; Second, Shanxi in North China in the process of material exchange between urban and rural areas to show the local characteristics, such as participants, as Shanxi image carrier exhibits. The North China Urban and Rural material Exchange Conference is one of the important ways to establish the relationship between the central government and the local government, and it is also an important expression of the expression and practice of the national will. This paper makes a deeper and systematic discussion on the operation of state power and the shaping of national image in the rural-urban material exchange conference. The North China rural-urban material exchange conference collects exhibits, propagandizes and mobilizes, typical models. Patriotism and other elements convey the will of the country. It also shows the practical process of the Communist Party of China in shaping the image of a modern political party through the achievements in the national economy. "National economy and people's livelihood." It is the concern and the foothold of this study. In the early days of the founding of the PRC, the North China Urban and Rural material Exchange Conference restored the scene of the meeting between the national plan and the life of the people. "National Plan" and "people's livelihood" are not opposed to each other. The country tries to restore the urban and rural economy through the way of material exchange between urban and rural areas. Reconstruction of the relationship between urban and rural areas and reshaping the image of the country. In the exchange of materials between urban and rural areas, the people have marketed the remaining agricultural special products, obtained new production technology, and accepted new ideas. In the early days of the founding of the PRC, the North China Urban and Rural material Exchange Conference was an important platform for establishing a good interaction between the state and the people.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K27

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